If you want to rank on top for Google, Yahoo!, and other major search engines, you’ll need more than a basic knowledge of search engine optimization. Those who rank high on natural search results do so because they’ve been able to effectively manage their on-page and off-page optimization factors.
On-page Optimization
What you do on your web pages can have a positive or negative impact on your search results. However, as we’ll discuss later in this article, off-page optimization is even more powerful when it comes to increasing your natural search engine placement.
Some of the most important on-page optimization techniques begin with choosing a key word to optimize your page for. There are a number of free tools available on the Internet that can help you find a keyword that is popular but not overly competitive. Keywords that are highly competitive are often very difficult to place well for.
Once you’ve selected a keyword, you can take advantage of:
Secret #1: Don’t optimize for a single keyword, optimize for a keyword phrase.
When you optimize for a single keyword, more often than not, that word is highly competitive and your chances of coming out on top are minimal. Where you gain a significant advantage is by focusing on a keyword phrase. This actually increases your chances of ranking well and ultimately helps you towards ranking well for the single word you originally chose.
Secret #2: Place your keyword phrase within the first 25 words of text, and the last 25 words of the page. The h1 tag can be used for developing a headline on your page and emphasizing your keyword phrase within the beginning of your page text (search engines love h1 tags). Another suggestion is to use your keyword phrase just after your copyright notice on the bottom of your webpage. This ensures that it is present within the last 25 words of your page.
Secret #3: Place your keyword phrase in your page title and description. Additionally, place the keyword phrase throughout your page - being sure to bold the phrase once, italicize the phrase once, and underline the phrase once. Mention your keyword phrase every paragraph or so. Just make sure that it appears natural. If you stuff the page with your keywords, you’ll potentially turn off browsers who would otherwise find your page valuable.
Off-page Optimization
Now that you’ve learned about on-page optimization, it’s important that you focus your attention on off-page optimization. Of all the techniques that have been developed for SEO, it still comes down to the popularity of your site.
The ranking of your website in a natural search engine result list is directly correlated to the popularity of your website.
So what do I mean by popularity? Popularity is the number and quality of links to your website. Although I’ve simplified the explanation here, you should know that links essentially count as votes. If everyone is “voting” for a particular website then the website becomes popular.
Secret #4: Get other sites to link to you. There are a number of ways to improve link popularity. Although I won’t recommend a specific link building tool, I will say that there have been a number of good products developed that simplify the process. It still takes time and hard work, but over time, increasing the number of sites linking to your website can pay huge dividends.
Secret #5: Make sure that incoming links are of high quality (sites with a high Google page rank). It’s not only important to have other sites link to you, it’s also important to have quality sites link to you.
Secret #6: Anchor text must include your keyword phrase. When other sites link to you, make sure the link includes your keyword phrase. Sites that link to your domain can help with overall page rank and popularity, but websites who link to you using your keyword phrase (in the anchor text) are what get you to the top of search engine result lists.
Secret #7: Give people a reason to link to your website. This can be accomplished in a variety of ways, white papers, free content or tools, etc., but ultimately it comes down to offering something of value. If you do, other websites will give you their “vote”, increasing your link popularity and your search engine results.
Increasing your rank on major search engines isn’t complex. But it does take time and effort. If you want to increase your website ranking, begin by implementing what you’ve learned in this article and stay the course.
reference:http://www.seotutors.net/
Thursday, March 22, 2012
Worth considering! A programmer SEO experiment!
Hands in recent months, a SEO test, trials are designed to better understand the google This will not involve any valuable data, as well as specific methods. Estimated forum which many predecessors, the king should know what I said XD ~~
General make the product stand, I can not do those things that may touch gg bottom line, on the initiation of an idea, an experiment, re-located a few stops, and other specialized register a domain name to rent a space solely for the purpose of touch touch the bottom line of the gg, in order to do a test, and thus, this trial began for the prologue
Start of the trial, I will test divided into two groups, a group of content is king, another group of totally not how to manage content
[Content is the king of group]
This content is king group, and me ready for the next few months, while the content of pure human originality, and control the speed of updating, but the link is more aggressive. In order touch gg bottom line, to see the gg attitude. So do a lot of things should not be doing: a bunch of low-quality link, with the test. About the tenth day of the test and found that the gg's ranking transaction, a few days, found any unique content within the station is not within the normal search results, which I understand, or else into the sandbox, to Is not being punished, and get back at To take that is the test one purpose has been achieved ~ ~ ~ XD, and thus in order to show our mistakes and will change the attitude, began to abandon the way of low-quality link, and then gradually introduce the normal operation of way, the content is continuously updated in order to watch the dark room when from gg out. Into gg dark room this time, some target keywords in the bing is ranked first, about 7-8 or so. And then again after the torment of the dark room of more than a month (to do SEO, perseverance and determination is very important) target keyword is finally within one hundred days discharged to 4-5, but the PR is still 0, but in bing of the results has long been to 3-4, which means that even if you content is king, as long as you have a tendency to cheating, gg completely regardless of the content, put you into the dark room.
[Completely, regardless of the content group】
In this group, the entire contents of the station less than two hundred words, and has not been updated in 20 days time inside the station PR from 0 to 4, from this perspective beyond my original expectations. Although this station does not have much content, the link is not very aggressive, but I do are related to a higher degree of links, although the small number of content is not updated, but about 20 days PR 4 and target keywords into the page. In other words, as long as gg that your page is really useful to the user, pr, rankings basic readily available, the basic need to spend much effort you can get good results (of course, can not exclude the effects of the new station, but the content comparison of the Wang group is still very strong)
【Summary】
Gg "wisdom" has been underestimated before, but in any case, in my view, a programmer to play SEO is inherent advantages, because you know the basic operation mechanism of the search engines. For example, a very fundamental point, how to provide better search results to the user, If This question is for yourself, you will, where several directions to solve the problem? How to distinguish the cheaters? How to distinguish the hard work of? How to judge the content is useful to the user? If these questions are understood, that I think will be able to understand gg idea.
I think gg extract in the content, content, discriminant, content quality, recognition, and even with the quality of the link, the link itself judgment has powerful than bing like more than a fragment of, and even I think that gg has introduced a lot of artificial intelligence The stuff inside. Not simply rely on statistical algorithms to calculate the results. Nevertheless, gg foundation that, overnight, there will be no major change in the so seo broadly seems (it seems from the experimental results, the future really do not know that!) Still is hard work and industry ~ ~ ~ but the most critical point, evil heart is not there, the because gg rules made it very clear, do not be evil, that is to say too much cheating can not do, gg will put this in the first place
General make the product stand, I can not do those things that may touch gg bottom line, on the initiation of an idea, an experiment, re-located a few stops, and other specialized register a domain name to rent a space solely for the purpose of touch touch the bottom line of the gg, in order to do a test, and thus, this trial began for the prologue
Start of the trial, I will test divided into two groups, a group of content is king, another group of totally not how to manage content
[Content is the king of group]
This content is king group, and me ready for the next few months, while the content of pure human originality, and control the speed of updating, but the link is more aggressive. In order touch gg bottom line, to see the gg attitude. So do a lot of things should not be doing: a bunch of low-quality link, with the test. About the tenth day of the test and found that the gg's ranking transaction, a few days, found any unique content within the station is not within the normal search results, which I understand, or else into the sandbox, to Is not being punished, and get back at To take that is the test one purpose has been achieved ~ ~ ~ XD, and thus in order to show our mistakes and will change the attitude, began to abandon the way of low-quality link, and then gradually introduce the normal operation of way, the content is continuously updated in order to watch the dark room when from gg out. Into gg dark room this time, some target keywords in the bing is ranked first, about 7-8 or so. And then again after the torment of the dark room of more than a month (to do SEO, perseverance and determination is very important) target keyword is finally within one hundred days discharged to 4-5, but the PR is still 0, but in bing of the results has long been to 3-4, which means that even if you content is king, as long as you have a tendency to cheating, gg completely regardless of the content, put you into the dark room.
[Completely, regardless of the content group】
In this group, the entire contents of the station less than two hundred words, and has not been updated in 20 days time inside the station PR from 0 to 4, from this perspective beyond my original expectations. Although this station does not have much content, the link is not very aggressive, but I do are related to a higher degree of links, although the small number of content is not updated, but about 20 days PR 4 and target keywords into the page. In other words, as long as gg that your page is really useful to the user, pr, rankings basic readily available, the basic need to spend much effort you can get good results (of course, can not exclude the effects of the new station, but the content comparison of the Wang group is still very strong)
【Summary】
Gg "wisdom" has been underestimated before, but in any case, in my view, a programmer to play SEO is inherent advantages, because you know the basic operation mechanism of the search engines. For example, a very fundamental point, how to provide better search results to the user, If This question is for yourself, you will, where several directions to solve the problem? How to distinguish the cheaters? How to distinguish the hard work of? How to judge the content is useful to the user? If these questions are understood, that I think will be able to understand gg idea.
I think gg extract in the content, content, discriminant, content quality, recognition, and even with the quality of the link, the link itself judgment has powerful than bing like more than a fragment of, and even I think that gg has introduced a lot of artificial intelligence The stuff inside. Not simply rely on statistical algorithms to calculate the results. Nevertheless, gg foundation that, overnight, there will be no major change in the so seo broadly seems (it seems from the experimental results, the future really do not know that!) Still is hard work and industry ~ ~ ~ but the most critical point, evil heart is not there, the because gg rules made it very clear, do not be evil, that is to say too much cheating can not do, gg will put this in the first place
Tuesday, March 20, 2012
实用英语：美国人打电话时最常用的句子
打电话进来：
Is Yang there? (最常用)
Is Yang around? (次常用)
Hello, May I speak to Yang please?
Hello, Can I talk to Yang please?
如果正是本人：
This is he. (男的)
This is she。(女的)
This is Kun-Lin ( 你的名字) speaking。
You are speaking to him. (her)
You are talking to him。
如果是别人：
Hold on. (最常见)
I'll get him, Hold on please。
Hold on, let me see if he is here。
One moment please。
如果他正好不在：
No, He is out. (最常见)
No, He is not here. May I take a message?
No, He is not in。
No, He is not available。
No, He just went out, he will be back in 30 minutes。
如果他要找的人不在：
Do you know when he will be back?
Do you know where he is going?
Do you know where I can reach him?
Do you know his office number? (or work place number)
回答：
No, I am sorry, I don't know! (50%)
I have no idea. (49%)
Yes, his number is 404-123-4567 begin_of_the_skype_highlighting 404-123-4567 end_of_the_skype_highlighting.
如果要留言：
May I leave a message?
回答：
Sure, go ahead。
Hold on, let me get a pencil and paper。
打错电话：
Is this Wachovia Bank?
回答：
No, I am afraid you have the wrong number。
What number did you dial?
What number are you calling?
结束对话：
Thank you, have a good day。
听不清楚时：
Pardon?
Excuse me?
I am sorry?
Say again?
Say what?
Come again?
Is Yang there? (最常用)
Is Yang around? (次常用)
Hello, May I speak to Yang please?
Hello, Can I talk to Yang please?
如果正是本人：
This is he. (男的)
This is she。(女的)
This is Kun-Lin ( 你的名字) speaking。
You are speaking to him. (her)
You are talking to him。
如果是别人：
Hold on. (最常见)
I'll get him, Hold on please。
Hold on, let me see if he is here。
One moment please。
如果他正好不在：
No, He is out. (最常见)
No, He is not here. May I take a message?
No, He is not in。
No, He is not available。
No, He just went out, he will be back in 30 minutes。
如果他要找的人不在：
Do you know when he will be back?
Do you know where he is going?
Do you know where I can reach him?
Do you know his office number? (or work place number)
回答：
No, I am sorry, I don't know! (50%)
I have no idea. (49%)
Yes, his number is 404-123-4567 begin_of_the_skype_highlighting 404-123-4567 end_of_the_skype_highlighting.
如果要留言：
May I leave a message?
回答：
Sure, go ahead。
Hold on, let me get a pencil and paper。
打错电话：
Is this Wachovia Bank?
回答：
No, I am afraid you have the wrong number。
What number did you dial?
What number are you calling?
结束对话：
Thank you, have a good day。
听不清楚时：
Pardon?
Excuse me?
I am sorry?
Say again?
Say what?
Come again?
背完，你的英语口语绝对不成问题了!
1. I see. 我明白了。
2. I quit! 我不幹了!
3. Let go! 放手!
4. Me too. 我也是。
5. My god! 天哪!
6. No way! 不行!
7. Come on. 來吧(趕快)
8. Hold on. 等一等。
9. I agree. 我同意。
10. Not bad. 還不錯。
11. Not yet. 還沒。
12. See you. 再見。
13. Shut up! 閉嘴!
14. So long. 再見。
15. Why not? 好呀! (為什麼不呢?)
16. Allow me. 讓我來。
17. Be quiet! 安靜點!
18. Cheer up! 振作起來!
19. Good job! 做得好!
20. Have fun! 玩得開心!
21. How much? 多少錢?
22. I'm full. 我飽了。
23. I'm home. 我回來了。
24. I'm lost. 我迷路了。
25. My treat. 我請客。
26. So do I. 我也一樣。
27. This way. 這邊請。
28. After you. 您先。
29. Bless you! 祝福你!
30. Follow me. 跟我來。
31. Forget it! 休想! (算了!)
32. Good luck! 祝好�!
33. I decline! 我拒絕!
34. I promise. 我保證。
35. Of course! 當然了!
36. Slow down! 慢點!
37. Take care! 保重!
38. They hurt. (傷口)疼。
39. Try again. 再試試。
40. Watch out! 當心。
41. What's up? 有什麼事嗎?
42. Be careful! 注意!
43. Bottoms up! 乾杯(見底)!
44. Don't move! 不許動!
45. Guess what? 猜猜看?
46. I doubt it. 我懷疑。
47. I think so. 我也這麼想。
48. I'm single. 我是單身貴族。
49. Keep it up! 堅持下去!
50. Let me see. 讓我想想。
51. Never mind. 不要緊。
52. No problem! 沒問題!
53. That's all! 就這樣!
54. Time is up. 時間快到了。
55. What's new? 有什麼新鮮事嗎?
56. Count me on. 算上我。
57. Don't worry. 別擔心。
58. Feel better? 好點了嗎?
59. I love you!我愛你!
60. I'm his fan. 我是他的影迷。
61. Is it yours? 這是你的嗎?
62. That's neat. 這很好。
63. Are you sure? 你肯定嗎?
64. Do l have to? 非做不可嗎?
65. He is my age. 他和我同歲。
66. Here you are. 給你。
67. No one knows. 沒有人知道。
68. Take it easy. 別緊張。
69. What a pity! 太遺憾了!
70. Any thing else? 還要別的嗎?
71. To be careful! 一定要小心!
72. Do me a favor? 幫個忙，好嗎?
73. Help yourself. 別客氣。
74. I'm on a diet．我在節食。
75. Keep in Touch. 保持聯絡。
76. Time is money. 時間就是金錢。
77. Who's calling? 是哪一位?
78. You did right. 你做得對。
79. You set me up! 你出賣我!
80. Can I help you? 我能幫你嗎?
81. Enjoy yourself! 祝你玩得開心!
82. Excuse me, Sir. 先生，對不起。
83. Give me a hand! 幫幫我!
84. How's it going? 怎麼樣?
85. I have no idea. 我沒有頭緒。
86. I just made it! 我做到了!
87. I'll see to it. 我會留意的。
88. I'm in a hurry! 我在趕時間!
89. It's her field. 這是她的本行。
90. It's up to you. 由你決定。
91. Just wonderful! 簡直太棒了!
92. What about you? 你呢?
93. You owe me one. 你欠我一個人情。
94. You're welcome. 不客氣。
95. Any day will do. 哪一天都行夕
96. Are you kidding? 你在開玩笑吧!
97. Congratulations! 祝賀你!
98. T can't help it. 我情不自禁。
99. I don't mean it. 我不是故意的。
100. I'll fix you Up. 我會幫你打點的
101. It sounds great! 聽起來很不錯。
102. It's a fine day. 今天是個好天。
103. So far，So good. 目前還不錯。
104. What time is it? 幾點了?
105. You can make it! 你能做到!
106. Control yourself! 克制一下!
107. He came by train. 他乘火車來。
108. He is ill in bed. 他臥病在床。
109. He lacks courage. 他缺乏勇氣。
110. How's everything? 一切還好吧?
111. I have no choice. 我別無選擇。
112. I like ice-cream. 我喜歡吃冰淇淋。
113. I love this game. 我鍾愛這項邉印�
114. I'll try my best. 我盡力而為。
115. I'm On your side. 我全力支持你。
116. Long time no see! 好久不見!
117. No pain，no gain. 不勞無獲。
118. Well, it depends. 噢，這得看情況。
119. We're all for it. 我們全都同意。
120. What a good deal! 真便宜!
121. What should I do? 我該怎麼辦？
122. You asked for it! 你自討苦吃!
123. You have my word. 我保證。
124. Believe it or not! 信不信由你!
125. Don't count on me. 別指望我。
126. Don't fall for it! 別上當!
127. Don't let me down. 別讓我失望。
128. Easy come easy go. 來得容易，去得快。
129. I beg your pardon. 請你原諒。
130. I beg your pardon? 請您再說一遍(我沒有聽清)。
131. I'll be back soon. 我馬上回來。
132. I'll check it out. 我去查查看。
133. It's a long story. 說來話長。
134. It's Sunday today. 今天是星期天。
135. Just wait and see! 等著瞧!
136. Make up your mind. 做個決定吧。
137. That's all I need. 我就要這些。
138. The view is great. 景色多麼漂亮!
139. The wall has ears. 隔牆有耳。
140. There comes a bus. 汽車來了。
141. What day is today? 今天星期幾?
142. What do you think? 你怎麼認為？
143. Who told you that? 誰告訴你的?
144. Who's kicking off? 現在是誰在開球?
145. Yes, I suppose So. 是的，我也這麼認為。
146. You can't miss it. 你一定能找到的。
147. Any messages for me? 有我的留言嗎?
148. Don't be so modest. 別謙虛了。
149. Don't give me that! 少來這套!
150. He is a smart boy. 他是個小機靈鬼。
151. He is just a child. 他只是個孩子。
152. I can't follow you．我不懂你說的。
153. I felt sort of ill. 我感覺有點不適。
154. I have a good idea! 我有一個好主意。
155. It is growing cool. 天氣漸漸涼爽起來。
156. It seems all right. 看來這沒問題。
157. It's going too far. 太離譜了。
158. May I use your pen? 我可以用你的筆嗎?
159. She had a bad cold. 她患了重感冒。
160. That's a good idea. 這個主意真不錯。
161. The answer is zero. 白忙了。
162. What does she like? 她喜歡什麼?
163. As soon as possible! 越快越好!
164. He can hardly speak. 他幾乎說不出話來。
165. He always talks big. 他總是吹牛。
166. He won an election. 他在選舉中獲勝。
167. I am a football fan. 我是個足球迷。
168. If only I could fly. 要是我能飛就好了。
169. I'll be right there. 我馬上就到。
170. I'll see you at six. 我六點鐘見你。
171. IS it true or false? 這是對的還是錯的?
172. Just read it for me. 就讀給我聽好了。
173. Knowledge is power. 知識就是力量。
174. Move out of my way! 讓開!
175. Time is running out. 沒時間了。
176. We are good friends. 我們是好朋友。
177. What's your trouble? 你哪兒不舒服?
178. You did fairly well! 你幹得相當不錯1
179. Clothes make the man. 人要衣裝。
180. Did you miss the bus? 你錯過公共汽車了?
181. Don't lose your head. 不要驚慌失措。
182. He can't take a joke. 他開不得玩笑。
183. He owes my uncle $100. 他欠我叔叔100美元。
184. How are things going? 事情進展得怎樣?
185. How are you recently? 最近怎麼樣?
186. I know all about it. 我知道有關它的一切。
187. It really takes time. 這樣太耽誤時間了。
188. It's against the law. 這是違法的。
189. Love me，love my dog. (諺語)愛屋及烏。
190. My mouth is watering. 我要流口水了。
191. Speak louder，please. 說話請大聲點兒。
192. This boy has no job. 這個男孩沒有工作。
193. This house is my own. 這所房子是我自己的。
194. What happened to you? 你怎麼了?
195. You are just in time. 你來得正是時候。
196. You need to workout. 你需要去邉渝憻捯幌隆�
197. Your hand feels cold. 你的手摸起來很冷。 。
198. Don't be so childish. 別這麼孩子氣。
199. Don't trust to chance! 不要碰邭狻�
200. Fasten your seat belt. 係好你的安全帶。
201. He has a large income. 他有很高的收入。
202. He looks very healthy. 他看來很健康。
203. He paused for a reply．他停下來等著·回答。
204. He repaired his house. 他修理了他的房子。
205. He suggested a picnic. 他建議搞一次野餐。
206. Here's a gift for you. 這裡有個禮物送給你。
207. How much does it cost? 多少錢?
208. I caught the last bus. 我趕上了最後一班車。
209. I could hardly speak. 我簡直說不出話來。
210. I'll have to try that. 我得試試這麼做。
211. I'm very proud of you. 我為你感到非常驕傲。
212. It doesn't make sense. 這沒有意義(不合常理)。
213. Make yourself at home. 請不要拘禮。
214. My car needs washing. 我的車需要洗一洗。
215. None of your business! 與你無關!
216. Not a sound was heard. 一點聲音也沒有。
217. That's always the case. 習以為常了。
218. The road divides here. 這條路在這里分岔。
219. Those are watermelons. 那些是西瓜。
220. What a nice day it is! 今天天氣真好!
221. What's wrong with you? 你哪裡不對勁?
222. You are a chicken. 你是個膽小鬼。
223. A lovely day，isn't it? 好天氣，是嗎?
224. He is collecting money. 他在籌集資金。
225. He was born in New York. 他出生在紐約。
226. He was not a bit tired. 他一點也不累。
227. I will be more careful. 我會小心一些的，
228. I will never forget it. 我會記著的。
229. It is Just what I need. 這正是我所需要的。
230. It rather surprised me. 那事使我頗感驚訝。
231. Just around the comer. 就在附近。
232. Just for entertainment. 只是為了消遣一下。
233. Let bygones be bygones. 過去的，就讓它過去吧。
234. Mother doesn't make up. 媽媽不化妝。
235. Oh，you are kidding me. 哦，你別拿我開玩笑了。
236. She has been to school. 她上學去了。
237. Skating is interesting. 滑冰很有趣。
238. Supper is ready at six. 晚餐六點鐘就好了。
239. That's a terrific idea! 真是好主意!
240. What horrible weather! 這鬼天氣!
241. Which would you prefer? 你要選哪個?
242. Does she like ice-cream? 她喜歡吃冰淇淋嗎?
243. First come first served. 先到先得。
244. Great minds think alike. 英雄所見略同。
245. He has a sense of humor. 他有幽默感。
246. He is acting an old man. 他正扮演一個老人。
247. He is looking for a job. 他正在找工作。
248. He doesn't care about me. 他並不在乎我。
249. I develop films myself. 我自己沖洗照片。
250. I felt no regret for it. 對這件事我不覺得後悔。
251. I get up at six o'clock. 我六點起床。
252. I meet the boss himself. 我見到了老闆本人。
253. I owe you for my dinner. 我欠你晚餐的錢。
254. I really enjoyed myself. 我玩得很開心。
255. I'm fed up with my work! 我對工作煩死了!
256. It's no use complaining. 發牢騷沒什麼用。
257. She's under the weather. 她心情·不好。
258. The child sobbed sadly. 小孩傷心地抽泣著。
259. The rumor had no basis. 那謠言沒有·根據。
260. They praised him highly. 他們大大地表揚了他。
261. Winter is a cold season. 冬天是一個，寒冷的季節。
262. You can call me any time. 你可以隨時打電話給我。
263. 15 divided by3 equals 5. 15除以3等於5。
264. All for one，one for all. 我為人人，人人為我。
265. East,west，home is best. 金窩，銀窩，不如自己的草窩。
266. He grasped both my hands. 他緊握住我的雙手。
267. He is physically mature. 他身體己發育成熟。
268. I am so sorry about this. 對此我非常抱歉(遺憾)。
269. I can't afford a new car. 我買不起一部新車。
270. I do want to see him now. 我現在確實很想去見他。
271. I have the right to know. 我有權知道。
272. I heard some one laughing. 我聽見有人在笑。
273. I suppose you dance much. 我想你常常跳舞吧。
274. I walked across the park. 我穿過了公園。
275. I'll just play it by ear. 我到時隨機應變。
276. I'm not sure I can do it. 恐怕這事我幹不了。
277. I'm not used to drinking. 我不習慣喝酒。
278. Is the cut still painful? 傷口還在痛嗎?
279. It's too good to be true! 好得難以置信。
280. Jean is a blue-eyed girl. 珍是個藍眼睛的女孩。
281. Let's not waste our time. 咱們別浪費時間了。
282. May I ask some questions? 我可以問幾個問題嗎?
283. Money is not everything. 金錢不是一切。
284. Neither of the men spoke. 兩個人都沒說過話。
285. Stop making such a noise. 別吵了。
286. That makes no difference. 沒什麼區別。
287. The price is reasonable. 價格還算合理。
288. They crowned him king. 他們擁立他為國王。
289. They're in red and white. 他們穿著紅白相間的衣服。
290. We all desire happiness. 我們都想要幸福。
291. We just caught the plane. 我們剛好趕上了飛機。
292. What shall we do tonight? 我們今天晚上去干點兒什麼呢?
293. What's your goal in life. 你的人生目標是什麼?
294. When was the house built? 這幢房子是什麼時候建造的?
295. Why did you stay at home? 為什麼呆在家裡?
296. Would you like some help? 需要幫忙嗎?
297. You mustn't aim too high. 你不可好高蜻h。
298. You're really killing me! 真是笑死我了!
299. You've got a point there. 你說得挺有道理的。
300. Being criticized is awful! 被人批評真是痛苦
301. Did you enter the contest? 你參加比賽了嗎?
302. Do you accept credit cards? 你們收信用卡嗎?
303. Don't cry over spilt milk. 不要做無益的後悔。
304. Don't let chances pass by. 不要讓機遇從我們身邊溜走。
305. He owned himself defeated. 他承認自己失敗了。
306. He seems at little nervous. 他顯得有點緊張。
307. He strolls about the town. 他在鎮上四處遛達。
308. Her tooth ached all night. 她牙疼了一整夜。
309. How about a drink tonight? 今晚喝一杯怎樣?
310. I can do nothing but that. 我只會做那件事。
311. I get hold of you at last. 我終於找到你了。
312. I have a surprise for you. 我有一個意想不到的東西給你看。
313. I like all kinds of fruit. 我喜歡各種各樣的水果。
314. I saw it with my own eyes. 我親眼所見。
315. I will arrange everything. 我會安排一切的。
316. I wish I knew my neighbor. 我很想認識我的鄰居。
317. I would like to check out. 我想結帳。
318. It has be come much cooler. 天氣變得涼爽多了。
319. It's time you went to bed. 你早就該睡覺了。
320. No spitting on the street. 禁止在大街上吐痰。
321. She was totally exhausted. 她累垮了。
322. Show your tickets，please. 請出示你的票。
323. Thank you for your advice. 謝謝你的建議。
324. That's the latest fashion. 這是最流行的款式。
325. The train arrived on time. 火車準時到達。
326. There go the house lights. 劇院的燈光滅了。
327. They are paid by the hour. 他們按時取酬。
328. Things are getting better. 情況正在好轉。
329. Wake me up at five thirty. 請在五點半叫醒我。
330. We are all busy with work. 我們都忙於工作。
331. Where do you want to meet? 你想在哪兒見面?
332. You can get what you want. 你能得到你想要的。
333. A barking dog doesn't bite! 吠犬不咬人。
334. Are you free this Saturday? 你這個星期六有空嗎?
335. Be careful not to fall ill. 注意不要生病了。
336. Being a mother is not easy. 做一個母親是不容易的。
337. Brevity is the soul of wit. 簡潔是智慧的精華。
338. Cancer is a deadly disease. 癌症是一種致命的疾病。
339. Did you fight with others? 你又和別人打架了嗎?
340. Don't dream away your time. 不要虛度光陰。
341. Don't keep me waiting long. 不要讓我等得太久。
342. He has a remarkable memory. 他有驚人的記憶力。
343. He has completed the task. 他完成了這個任務。
344. He has quite a few friends. 他有不少的朋友。
345. He is capable of any crime. 他什麼樣的壞事都能幹得出來。
346. He walks with a quick pace. 他快步走路。
347. He was not a little tired. 他很累。
348. His looks are always funny. 他的樣子總是滑稽可笑。
349. How about going to a movie? 去看場電影怎麼樣?
350. I think I've caught a cold. 我想我得了感冒。
351. I was taking care of Sally. 我在照顧薩莉。
352. I wish I lived in NEWYORK. 我希望住在紐約。
353. I'm very glad to hear that. 很高興聽你這樣說。
354. I'm your lucky fellow then. 我就是你的幸呶璋槔�!
355. It's none of your business! 這不關你的事兒!
356. No littering on the campus. 在校園內不准亂丟廢物。
357. She is a good-looking girl. 她是一個漂亮女孩。
358. She mended the broken doll. 她修補了破了的洋娃娃。
359. So I just take what I want. 那麼我只拿我所需要的東西。
360. Spring is a pretty season. 春天是一個好季節。
361. The figure seems all Right. 數目看起來是對的。
362. The stars are too far away. 星星太遙遠了。
363. The whole world knows that. 全世界都知道。
364. Tomorrow will be a holiday. 明天放假。
365. We walk on the garden path. 我們走在花園小徑上。
366. What you need is just rest. 你需要的就是休息。
367. What's your favorite steps? 你最喜歡跳什麼舞?
368. You'd better let her alone. 你們最好是讓她一個人呆會兒。
369. A lost chance never returns. 錯過的機會永不再來。
370. Don't let this get you down. 不要為此灰心喪氣。
371. He shot the lion with a gun. 他用槍把獅子打死了。
372. I don't think you are right. 我認為你是不對的。
373. I have never seen the movie. 我從未看過那部電影。
374. I haven't seen you for ages. 我好久沒見到你了。
375. I was alone，but not lonely. 我獨自一人，但並不覺得寂寞。
376. I went there three days ago. 我三天前去過那兒。
377. It's a friendly competition. 這是一場友誼賽。
378. It's very thoughtful of you. 你想得真周到。
379. May I speak to Lora，please? 我能和勞拉說話嗎?
380. Mr.Wang is fixing his bike. 王先生在修他的自行車。
381. My brother is see king a job. 我弟弟正在找工作。
382. Nancy will retire next year. 南希明年就退休了。
383. Neither you nor he is wrong. 你沒錯，他也沒錯。
384. Opportunity knocks but once. 機不可失，時不再來。
385. She dressed herself hastily. 她匆忙穿上衣服。
386. She hired a car by the hour. 她租了一輛按鐘點計費的汽車。
387. Someone is ringing the bell. 有人在按門鈴。
388. The Smiths are my neighbors. 史密斯一家是我的鄰居。
389. These shoes don't fit right. 這雙鞋不太合適。
390. This is only the first half. 這才是上半場呢。
391. This pen doesn't write well. 這鋼筆不好寫。
392. Would you like a cup of tea? 你想喝杯茶嗎?
393. You really look sharp today. 你今天真漂亮。
394. Another cat came to my house. 又有一隻貓來到我家了。
395. Check your answers with mine. 把你的答案跟我的核對一下。
396. Don't keep the truth from me. 別瞞著我事實真相。
397. Everything has its beginning. 凡事都有開端。
398. He came to the point at once. 他一下子就說到了點子上。
399. He fell behind with his work. 他工作落後了。
400. He is the happiest man alive. 他是世界上最快樂的人。
401. He neither smokes nor drinks. 他既不抽煙也不喝酒。
402. He ran his horse up the hill. 他策馬跑上小山。
403. He reminds me of his brother. 他使我想起了他的弟弟。
404. He was efficient in his work. 他工作效率高。
405. He will do anything but work. 只要不是乾活，他幹什麼都行。
406. His father runs a restaurant. 他的父親經營一家餐館。
407. I have something to tell you. 我有事要告訴你。
408. I smelled a smell of cooking. 我聞到了燒菜做飯的味道。
409. I want to see the film again. 我真想再看一遍。
410. I've got too much work to do. 我要做的工作太多了。
411. Let's go for a walk，shall we? 咱們出去走走，好嗎?
412. Please let me check the bill. 請讓我核對一下帳單。
413. Plenty of sleep is healthful. 充足的睡眠有益於健康。
414. The sun comes up in the east. 太陽從東方升起。
415. This is because we feel pain. 這是因為我們能感到疼痛。
416. What do you desire me to do? 你想要我做什麼?
417. What you said was quite true. 你所說的完全符合事實。
418. You can either stay or leave. 你或者留下或者離開。
419. Your life is your own affair. 你的生活是你自己的事。
420. All that glitters is not gold. 發閃光的不全是黃金。
421. Are you going to have a party? 你要舉行聚會嗎?
422. Aren't you concerned about it? 難道你不擔心嗎?
423. Don't forget to keep in touch. 別忘了保持聯繫。
424. He broke his words once again. 他又一次違背了諾言。
425. He is in his everyday clothes. 他穿著平常的衣服。
426. He is taller than I by ahead. 他比我高一頭。
427. He led them down the mountain. 他帶他們下山。
428. He was trained to be a lawyer. 他被培養成一名律師。
429. I am afraid that l have to go. 我要走了。
430. I don't have any cash with me. 我身上沒帶現金。
431. I have been putting on weight. 我開始發胖了。
432. I have just finished the book. 我剛剛讀完這本書。
433. I was late for work yesterday. 我昨天上班遲到了。
434. It appears to be a true story. 這故事似乎是真的。
435. I've got to start working out. 我必須開始做健身邉恿恕�
436. Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中國的東部。
437. John asked Grace to marry him. 約翰向格雷斯求婚。
438. My watch is faster than yours. 我的表比你的表快。
439. New China was founded in l949. 1949年新中國成立。
440. Thanks for your flattering me. 多謝你的誇獎。
441. They charged the fault on him. 他們把過失歸咎於他。
442. This car is in good condition. 這車性能很好。
443. This work itself is very easy. 這件工作本身很容易。
444. Truth is the daughter of time. 時間見真理。
2. I quit! 我不幹了!
3. Let go! 放手!
4. Me too. 我也是。
5. My god! 天哪!
6. No way! 不行!
7. Come on. 來吧(趕快)
8. Hold on. 等一等。
9. I agree. 我同意。
10. Not bad. 還不錯。
11. Not yet. 還沒。
12. See you. 再見。
13. Shut up! 閉嘴!
14. So long. 再見。
15. Why not? 好呀! (為什麼不呢?)
16. Allow me. 讓我來。
17. Be quiet! 安靜點!
18. Cheer up! 振作起來!
19. Good job! 做得好!
20. Have fun! 玩得開心!
21. How much? 多少錢?
22. I'm full. 我飽了。
23. I'm home. 我回來了。
24. I'm lost. 我迷路了。
25. My treat. 我請客。
26. So do I. 我也一樣。
27. This way. 這邊請。
28. After you. 您先。
29. Bless you! 祝福你!
30. Follow me. 跟我來。
31. Forget it! 休想! (算了!)
32. Good luck! 祝好�!
33. I decline! 我拒絕!
34. I promise. 我保證。
35. Of course! 當然了!
36. Slow down! 慢點!
37. Take care! 保重!
38. They hurt. (傷口)疼。
39. Try again. 再試試。
40. Watch out! 當心。
41. What's up? 有什麼事嗎?
42. Be careful! 注意!
43. Bottoms up! 乾杯(見底)!
44. Don't move! 不許動!
45. Guess what? 猜猜看?
46. I doubt it. 我懷疑。
47. I think so. 我也這麼想。
48. I'm single. 我是單身貴族。
49. Keep it up! 堅持下去!
50. Let me see. 讓我想想。
51. Never mind. 不要緊。
52. No problem! 沒問題!
53. That's all! 就這樣!
54. Time is up. 時間快到了。
55. What's new? 有什麼新鮮事嗎?
56. Count me on. 算上我。
57. Don't worry. 別擔心。
58. Feel better? 好點了嗎?
59. I love you!我愛你!
60. I'm his fan. 我是他的影迷。
61. Is it yours? 這是你的嗎?
62. That's neat. 這很好。
63. Are you sure? 你肯定嗎?
64. Do l have to? 非做不可嗎?
65. He is my age. 他和我同歲。
66. Here you are. 給你。
67. No one knows. 沒有人知道。
68. Take it easy. 別緊張。
69. What a pity! 太遺憾了!
70. Any thing else? 還要別的嗎?
71. To be careful! 一定要小心!
72. Do me a favor? 幫個忙，好嗎?
73. Help yourself. 別客氣。
74. I'm on a diet．我在節食。
75. Keep in Touch. 保持聯絡。
76. Time is money. 時間就是金錢。
77. Who's calling? 是哪一位?
78. You did right. 你做得對。
79. You set me up! 你出賣我!
80. Can I help you? 我能幫你嗎?
81. Enjoy yourself! 祝你玩得開心!
82. Excuse me, Sir. 先生，對不起。
83. Give me a hand! 幫幫我!
84. How's it going? 怎麼樣?
85. I have no idea. 我沒有頭緒。
86. I just made it! 我做到了!
87. I'll see to it. 我會留意的。
88. I'm in a hurry! 我在趕時間!
89. It's her field. 這是她的本行。
90. It's up to you. 由你決定。
91. Just wonderful! 簡直太棒了!
92. What about you? 你呢?
93. You owe me one. 你欠我一個人情。
94. You're welcome. 不客氣。
95. Any day will do. 哪一天都行夕
96. Are you kidding? 你在開玩笑吧!
97. Congratulations! 祝賀你!
98. T can't help it. 我情不自禁。
99. I don't mean it. 我不是故意的。
100. I'll fix you Up. 我會幫你打點的
101. It sounds great! 聽起來很不錯。
102. It's a fine day. 今天是個好天。
103. So far，So good. 目前還不錯。
104. What time is it? 幾點了?
105. You can make it! 你能做到!
106. Control yourself! 克制一下!
107. He came by train. 他乘火車來。
108. He is ill in bed. 他臥病在床。
109. He lacks courage. 他缺乏勇氣。
110. How's everything? 一切還好吧?
111. I have no choice. 我別無選擇。
112. I like ice-cream. 我喜歡吃冰淇淋。
113. I love this game. 我鍾愛這項邉印�
114. I'll try my best. 我盡力而為。
115. I'm On your side. 我全力支持你。
116. Long time no see! 好久不見!
117. No pain，no gain. 不勞無獲。
118. Well, it depends. 噢，這得看情況。
119. We're all for it. 我們全都同意。
120. What a good deal! 真便宜!
121. What should I do? 我該怎麼辦？
122. You asked for it! 你自討苦吃!
123. You have my word. 我保證。
124. Believe it or not! 信不信由你!
125. Don't count on me. 別指望我。
126. Don't fall for it! 別上當!
127. Don't let me down. 別讓我失望。
128. Easy come easy go. 來得容易，去得快。
129. I beg your pardon. 請你原諒。
130. I beg your pardon? 請您再說一遍(我沒有聽清)。
131. I'll be back soon. 我馬上回來。
132. I'll check it out. 我去查查看。
133. It's a long story. 說來話長。
134. It's Sunday today. 今天是星期天。
135. Just wait and see! 等著瞧!
136. Make up your mind. 做個決定吧。
137. That's all I need. 我就要這些。
138. The view is great. 景色多麼漂亮!
139. The wall has ears. 隔牆有耳。
140. There comes a bus. 汽車來了。
141. What day is today? 今天星期幾?
142. What do you think? 你怎麼認為？
143. Who told you that? 誰告訴你的?
144. Who's kicking off? 現在是誰在開球?
145. Yes, I suppose So. 是的，我也這麼認為。
146. You can't miss it. 你一定能找到的。
147. Any messages for me? 有我的留言嗎?
148. Don't be so modest. 別謙虛了。
149. Don't give me that! 少來這套!
150. He is a smart boy. 他是個小機靈鬼。
151. He is just a child. 他只是個孩子。
152. I can't follow you．我不懂你說的。
153. I felt sort of ill. 我感覺有點不適。
154. I have a good idea! 我有一個好主意。
155. It is growing cool. 天氣漸漸涼爽起來。
156. It seems all right. 看來這沒問題。
157. It's going too far. 太離譜了。
158. May I use your pen? 我可以用你的筆嗎?
159. She had a bad cold. 她患了重感冒。
160. That's a good idea. 這個主意真不錯。
161. The answer is zero. 白忙了。
162. What does she like? 她喜歡什麼?
163. As soon as possible! 越快越好!
164. He can hardly speak. 他幾乎說不出話來。
165. He always talks big. 他總是吹牛。
166. He won an election. 他在選舉中獲勝。
167. I am a football fan. 我是個足球迷。
168. If only I could fly. 要是我能飛就好了。
169. I'll be right there. 我馬上就到。
170. I'll see you at six. 我六點鐘見你。
171. IS it true or false? 這是對的還是錯的?
172. Just read it for me. 就讀給我聽好了。
173. Knowledge is power. 知識就是力量。
174. Move out of my way! 讓開!
175. Time is running out. 沒時間了。
176. We are good friends. 我們是好朋友。
177. What's your trouble? 你哪兒不舒服?
178. You did fairly well! 你幹得相當不錯1
179. Clothes make the man. 人要衣裝。
180. Did you miss the bus? 你錯過公共汽車了?
181. Don't lose your head. 不要驚慌失措。
182. He can't take a joke. 他開不得玩笑。
183. He owes my uncle $100. 他欠我叔叔100美元。
184. How are things going? 事情進展得怎樣?
185. How are you recently? 最近怎麼樣?
186. I know all about it. 我知道有關它的一切。
187. It really takes time. 這樣太耽誤時間了。
188. It's against the law. 這是違法的。
189. Love me，love my dog. (諺語)愛屋及烏。
190. My mouth is watering. 我要流口水了。
191. Speak louder，please. 說話請大聲點兒。
192. This boy has no job. 這個男孩沒有工作。
193. This house is my own. 這所房子是我自己的。
194. What happened to you? 你怎麼了?
195. You are just in time. 你來得正是時候。
196. You need to workout. 你需要去邉渝憻捯幌隆�
197. Your hand feels cold. 你的手摸起來很冷。 。
198. Don't be so childish. 別這麼孩子氣。
199. Don't trust to chance! 不要碰邭狻�
200. Fasten your seat belt. 係好你的安全帶。
201. He has a large income. 他有很高的收入。
202. He looks very healthy. 他看來很健康。
203. He paused for a reply．他停下來等著·回答。
204. He repaired his house. 他修理了他的房子。
205. He suggested a picnic. 他建議搞一次野餐。
206. Here's a gift for you. 這裡有個禮物送給你。
207. How much does it cost? 多少錢?
208. I caught the last bus. 我趕上了最後一班車。
209. I could hardly speak. 我簡直說不出話來。
210. I'll have to try that. 我得試試這麼做。
211. I'm very proud of you. 我為你感到非常驕傲。
212. It doesn't make sense. 這沒有意義(不合常理)。
213. Make yourself at home. 請不要拘禮。
214. My car needs washing. 我的車需要洗一洗。
215. None of your business! 與你無關!
216. Not a sound was heard. 一點聲音也沒有。
217. That's always the case. 習以為常了。
218. The road divides here. 這條路在這里分岔。
219. Those are watermelons. 那些是西瓜。
220. What a nice day it is! 今天天氣真好!
221. What's wrong with you? 你哪裡不對勁?
222. You are a chicken. 你是個膽小鬼。
223. A lovely day，isn't it? 好天氣，是嗎?
224. He is collecting money. 他在籌集資金。
225. He was born in New York. 他出生在紐約。
226. He was not a bit tired. 他一點也不累。
227. I will be more careful. 我會小心一些的，
228. I will never forget it. 我會記著的。
229. It is Just what I need. 這正是我所需要的。
230. It rather surprised me. 那事使我頗感驚訝。
231. Just around the comer. 就在附近。
232. Just for entertainment. 只是為了消遣一下。
233. Let bygones be bygones. 過去的，就讓它過去吧。
234. Mother doesn't make up. 媽媽不化妝。
235. Oh，you are kidding me. 哦，你別拿我開玩笑了。
236. She has been to school. 她上學去了。
237. Skating is interesting. 滑冰很有趣。
238. Supper is ready at six. 晚餐六點鐘就好了。
239. That's a terrific idea! 真是好主意!
240. What horrible weather! 這鬼天氣!
241. Which would you prefer? 你要選哪個?
242. Does she like ice-cream? 她喜歡吃冰淇淋嗎?
243. First come first served. 先到先得。
244. Great minds think alike. 英雄所見略同。
245. He has a sense of humor. 他有幽默感。
246. He is acting an old man. 他正扮演一個老人。
247. He is looking for a job. 他正在找工作。
248. He doesn't care about me. 他並不在乎我。
249. I develop films myself. 我自己沖洗照片。
250. I felt no regret for it. 對這件事我不覺得後悔。
251. I get up at six o'clock. 我六點起床。
252. I meet the boss himself. 我見到了老闆本人。
253. I owe you for my dinner. 我欠你晚餐的錢。
254. I really enjoyed myself. 我玩得很開心。
255. I'm fed up with my work! 我對工作煩死了!
256. It's no use complaining. 發牢騷沒什麼用。
257. She's under the weather. 她心情·不好。
258. The child sobbed sadly. 小孩傷心地抽泣著。
259. The rumor had no basis. 那謠言沒有·根據。
260. They praised him highly. 他們大大地表揚了他。
261. Winter is a cold season. 冬天是一個，寒冷的季節。
262. You can call me any time. 你可以隨時打電話給我。
263. 15 divided by3 equals 5. 15除以3等於5。
264. All for one，one for all. 我為人人，人人為我。
265. East,west，home is best. 金窩，銀窩，不如自己的草窩。
266. He grasped both my hands. 他緊握住我的雙手。
267. He is physically mature. 他身體己發育成熟。
268. I am so sorry about this. 對此我非常抱歉(遺憾)。
269. I can't afford a new car. 我買不起一部新車。
270. I do want to see him now. 我現在確實很想去見他。
271. I have the right to know. 我有權知道。
272. I heard some one laughing. 我聽見有人在笑。
273. I suppose you dance much. 我想你常常跳舞吧。
274. I walked across the park. 我穿過了公園。
275. I'll just play it by ear. 我到時隨機應變。
276. I'm not sure I can do it. 恐怕這事我幹不了。
277. I'm not used to drinking. 我不習慣喝酒。
278. Is the cut still painful? 傷口還在痛嗎?
279. It's too good to be true! 好得難以置信。
280. Jean is a blue-eyed girl. 珍是個藍眼睛的女孩。
281. Let's not waste our time. 咱們別浪費時間了。
282. May I ask some questions? 我可以問幾個問題嗎?
283. Money is not everything. 金錢不是一切。
284. Neither of the men spoke. 兩個人都沒說過話。
285. Stop making such a noise. 別吵了。
286. That makes no difference. 沒什麼區別。
287. The price is reasonable. 價格還算合理。
288. They crowned him king. 他們擁立他為國王。
289. They're in red and white. 他們穿著紅白相間的衣服。
290. We all desire happiness. 我們都想要幸福。
291. We just caught the plane. 我們剛好趕上了飛機。
292. What shall we do tonight? 我們今天晚上去干點兒什麼呢?
293. What's your goal in life. 你的人生目標是什麼?
294. When was the house built? 這幢房子是什麼時候建造的?
295. Why did you stay at home? 為什麼呆在家裡?
296. Would you like some help? 需要幫忙嗎?
297. You mustn't aim too high. 你不可好高蜻h。
298. You're really killing me! 真是笑死我了!
299. You've got a point there. 你說得挺有道理的。
300. Being criticized is awful! 被人批評真是痛苦
301. Did you enter the contest? 你參加比賽了嗎?
302. Do you accept credit cards? 你們收信用卡嗎?
303. Don't cry over spilt milk. 不要做無益的後悔。
304. Don't let chances pass by. 不要讓機遇從我們身邊溜走。
305. He owned himself defeated. 他承認自己失敗了。
306. He seems at little nervous. 他顯得有點緊張。
307. He strolls about the town. 他在鎮上四處遛達。
308. Her tooth ached all night. 她牙疼了一整夜。
309. How about a drink tonight? 今晚喝一杯怎樣?
310. I can do nothing but that. 我只會做那件事。
311. I get hold of you at last. 我終於找到你了。
312. I have a surprise for you. 我有一個意想不到的東西給你看。
313. I like all kinds of fruit. 我喜歡各種各樣的水果。
314. I saw it with my own eyes. 我親眼所見。
315. I will arrange everything. 我會安排一切的。
316. I wish I knew my neighbor. 我很想認識我的鄰居。
317. I would like to check out. 我想結帳。
318. It has be come much cooler. 天氣變得涼爽多了。
319. It's time you went to bed. 你早就該睡覺了。
320. No spitting on the street. 禁止在大街上吐痰。
321. She was totally exhausted. 她累垮了。
322. Show your tickets，please. 請出示你的票。
323. Thank you for your advice. 謝謝你的建議。
324. That's the latest fashion. 這是最流行的款式。
325. The train arrived on time. 火車準時到達。
326. There go the house lights. 劇院的燈光滅了。
327. They are paid by the hour. 他們按時取酬。
328. Things are getting better. 情況正在好轉。
329. Wake me up at five thirty. 請在五點半叫醒我。
330. We are all busy with work. 我們都忙於工作。
331. Where do you want to meet? 你想在哪兒見面?
332. You can get what you want. 你能得到你想要的。
333. A barking dog doesn't bite! 吠犬不咬人。
334. Are you free this Saturday? 你這個星期六有空嗎?
335. Be careful not to fall ill. 注意不要生病了。
336. Being a mother is not easy. 做一個母親是不容易的。
337. Brevity is the soul of wit. 簡潔是智慧的精華。
338. Cancer is a deadly disease. 癌症是一種致命的疾病。
339. Did you fight with others? 你又和別人打架了嗎?
340. Don't dream away your time. 不要虛度光陰。
341. Don't keep me waiting long. 不要讓我等得太久。
342. He has a remarkable memory. 他有驚人的記憶力。
343. He has completed the task. 他完成了這個任務。
344. He has quite a few friends. 他有不少的朋友。
345. He is capable of any crime. 他什麼樣的壞事都能幹得出來。
346. He walks with a quick pace. 他快步走路。
347. He was not a little tired. 他很累。
348. His looks are always funny. 他的樣子總是滑稽可笑。
349. How about going to a movie? 去看場電影怎麼樣?
350. I think I've caught a cold. 我想我得了感冒。
351. I was taking care of Sally. 我在照顧薩莉。
352. I wish I lived in NEWYORK. 我希望住在紐約。
353. I'm very glad to hear that. 很高興聽你這樣說。
354. I'm your lucky fellow then. 我就是你的幸呶璋槔�!
355. It's none of your business! 這不關你的事兒!
356. No littering on the campus. 在校園內不准亂丟廢物。
357. She is a good-looking girl. 她是一個漂亮女孩。
358. She mended the broken doll. 她修補了破了的洋娃娃。
359. So I just take what I want. 那麼我只拿我所需要的東西。
360. Spring is a pretty season. 春天是一個好季節。
361. The figure seems all Right. 數目看起來是對的。
362. The stars are too far away. 星星太遙遠了。
363. The whole world knows that. 全世界都知道。
364. Tomorrow will be a holiday. 明天放假。
365. We walk on the garden path. 我們走在花園小徑上。
366. What you need is just rest. 你需要的就是休息。
367. What's your favorite steps? 你最喜歡跳什麼舞?
368. You'd better let her alone. 你們最好是讓她一個人呆會兒。
369. A lost chance never returns. 錯過的機會永不再來。
370. Don't let this get you down. 不要為此灰心喪氣。
371. He shot the lion with a gun. 他用槍把獅子打死了。
372. I don't think you are right. 我認為你是不對的。
373. I have never seen the movie. 我從未看過那部電影。
374. I haven't seen you for ages. 我好久沒見到你了。
375. I was alone，but not lonely. 我獨自一人，但並不覺得寂寞。
376. I went there three days ago. 我三天前去過那兒。
377. It's a friendly competition. 這是一場友誼賽。
378. It's very thoughtful of you. 你想得真周到。
379. May I speak to Lora，please? 我能和勞拉說話嗎?
380. Mr.Wang is fixing his bike. 王先生在修他的自行車。
381. My brother is see king a job. 我弟弟正在找工作。
382. Nancy will retire next year. 南希明年就退休了。
383. Neither you nor he is wrong. 你沒錯，他也沒錯。
384. Opportunity knocks but once. 機不可失，時不再來。
385. She dressed herself hastily. 她匆忙穿上衣服。
386. She hired a car by the hour. 她租了一輛按鐘點計費的汽車。
387. Someone is ringing the bell. 有人在按門鈴。
388. The Smiths are my neighbors. 史密斯一家是我的鄰居。
389. These shoes don't fit right. 這雙鞋不太合適。
390. This is only the first half. 這才是上半場呢。
391. This pen doesn't write well. 這鋼筆不好寫。
392. Would you like a cup of tea? 你想喝杯茶嗎?
393. You really look sharp today. 你今天真漂亮。
394. Another cat came to my house. 又有一隻貓來到我家了。
395. Check your answers with mine. 把你的答案跟我的核對一下。
396. Don't keep the truth from me. 別瞞著我事實真相。
397. Everything has its beginning. 凡事都有開端。
398. He came to the point at once. 他一下子就說到了點子上。
399. He fell behind with his work. 他工作落後了。
400. He is the happiest man alive. 他是世界上最快樂的人。
401. He neither smokes nor drinks. 他既不抽煙也不喝酒。
402. He ran his horse up the hill. 他策馬跑上小山。
403. He reminds me of his brother. 他使我想起了他的弟弟。
404. He was efficient in his work. 他工作效率高。
405. He will do anything but work. 只要不是乾活，他幹什麼都行。
406. His father runs a restaurant. 他的父親經營一家餐館。
407. I have something to tell you. 我有事要告訴你。
408. I smelled a smell of cooking. 我聞到了燒菜做飯的味道。
409. I want to see the film again. 我真想再看一遍。
410. I've got too much work to do. 我要做的工作太多了。
411. Let's go for a walk，shall we? 咱們出去走走，好嗎?
412. Please let me check the bill. 請讓我核對一下帳單。
413. Plenty of sleep is healthful. 充足的睡眠有益於健康。
414. The sun comes up in the east. 太陽從東方升起。
415. This is because we feel pain. 這是因為我們能感到疼痛。
416. What do you desire me to do? 你想要我做什麼?
417. What you said was quite true. 你所說的完全符合事實。
418. You can either stay or leave. 你或者留下或者離開。
419. Your life is your own affair. 你的生活是你自己的事。
420. All that glitters is not gold. 發閃光的不全是黃金。
421. Are you going to have a party? 你要舉行聚會嗎?
422. Aren't you concerned about it? 難道你不擔心嗎?
423. Don't forget to keep in touch. 別忘了保持聯繫。
424. He broke his words once again. 他又一次違背了諾言。
425. He is in his everyday clothes. 他穿著平常的衣服。
426. He is taller than I by ahead. 他比我高一頭。
427. He led them down the mountain. 他帶他們下山。
428. He was trained to be a lawyer. 他被培養成一名律師。
429. I am afraid that l have to go. 我要走了。
430. I don't have any cash with me. 我身上沒帶現金。
431. I have been putting on weight. 我開始發胖了。
432. I have just finished the book. 我剛剛讀完這本書。
433. I was late for work yesterday. 我昨天上班遲到了。
434. It appears to be a true story. 這故事似乎是真的。
435. I've got to start working out. 我必須開始做健身邉恿恕�
436. Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中國的東部。
437. John asked Grace to marry him. 約翰向格雷斯求婚。
438. My watch is faster than yours. 我的表比你的表快。
439. New China was founded in l949. 1949年新中國成立。
440. Thanks for your flattering me. 多謝你的誇獎。
441. They charged the fault on him. 他們把過失歸咎於他。
442. This car is in good condition. 這車性能很好。
443. This work itself is very easy. 這件工作本身很容易。
444. Truth is the daughter of time. 時間見真理。
用100个句子记完7000个单词
俞敏洪老师从100套真题中提炼而出的100个经典句子。
1. Typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent is the American antelope, or pronghorn。
1.美洲羚羊，或称叉角羚，是该大陆典型的草原动物。
2. Of the millions who sawHaley’s comet in 1986, how many people will live long enough to see itreturn in the twenty-first century。
2. 1986年看见哈雷慧星的千百万人当中，有多少人能够长寿到足以目睹它在二十一世纪的回归呢？
3. Anthropologists have discovered that fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise are universally reflected in facial expressions。
3.人类学家们噎发现，恐惧，快乐，悲伤和惊奇都会行之于色，这在全人类是共通的。
4. Because of its irritating effect on humans, the use of phenol as a general antiseptic has been largely discontinued。
4.由于苯酚对人体带有刺激性作用，它基本上已不再被当作常用的防腐剂了。
5. In group to remain inexistence, a profit-making organization must, in the long run, producesomething consumers consider useful or desirable。
5.任何盈利组织若要生存，最终都必须生产出消费者可用或需要的产品。
6. The greater thepopulation there is in a locality, the greater the need there is forwater, transportation, and disposal of refuse。
6.一个地方的人口越多，其对水，交通和垃圾处理的需求就会越大。
7. It is more difficult towrite simply, directly, and effectively than to employ flowery butvague expressions that only obscure one’s meaning。
7.简明，直接，有力的写作难于花哨，含混而意义模糊的表达。
8. With modern officesbecoming more mechanized, designers are attempting to personalize themwith warmer, less severe interiors。
8.随着现代办公室的日益自动化，设计师们正试图利用较为温暖而不太严肃的内部装饰来使其具有亲切感。
9. The difference between libel and slander is that libel is printed while slander is spoken。
9.诽谤和流言的区别在于前者是书面的，而后者是口头的。
10. The knee is the joints where the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg。
10.膝盖是大腿骨和小腿胫的连接处。
11. Acids are chemicalcompounds that, in water solution, have a sharp taste, a corrosiveaction on metals, and the ability to turn certain blue vegetable dyesred。
11.酸是一种化合物，它在溶于水时具有强烈的气味和对金属的腐蚀性，并且能够使某些蓝色植物染料变红。
12. Billie Holiday’s reputation as a great jazz-blues singer rests on her ability to give emotional depth to her songs。
12. Billie Holiday’s作为一个爵士布鲁斯乐杰出歌手的名声建立在能够赋予歌曲感情深度的能力。
13. Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of what is conceived to be reality。
13.理论在本质上是对认识了的现实的一种抽象和符号化的表达。
14. Long before children areable to speak or understand a language, they communicate through facialexpressions and by making noises。
14.儿童在能说或能听懂语言之前，很久就会通过面部表情和靠发出噪声来与人交流了。
15. Thanks to modern irrigation, crops now grow abundantly in areas where once nothing but cacti and sagebrush could live。
15.受当代灌溉(技术设施)之赐，农作物在原来只有仙人掌和荞属科植物才能生存的地方旺盛的生长。
16. The development of mechanical timepieces spurred the search for more accurate sundials with which to regulate them。
16.机械计时器的发展促使人们寻求更精确的日晷，以便校准机械计时器。
17. Anthropology is ascience in that anthropologists use a rigorous set of methods andtechniques to document observations that can be checked by others。
17.人类学是一门科学，因为人类学家采用一整套强有力的方法和技术来记录观测结果，而这样记录下来的观测结果是供他人核查的。
18. Fungi are important inthe process of decay, which returns ingredients to the soil, enhancessoil fertility, and decomposes animal debris。
18.真菌在腐化过程中十分重要，而腐化过程将化学物质回馈于土壤，提高其肥力，并分解动物粪便。
19. When it is struck, a tuning fork produces an almost pure tone, retaining its pitch over a long period of time。
19.音叉被敲击时，产生几乎纯质的音调，其音量经久不衰。
20. Although pecans are mostplentiful in the southeastern part of the United States, they are foundas far north as Ohio and Illinois。
20.虽然美洲山河桃树最集中于美国的东南部但是在北至俄亥俄州及伊利诺州也能看见它们。
21. Eliminating problems by transferring the blame to others is often called scape-goating。
21.用怪罪别人的办法来解决问题通常被称为寻找替罪羊。
22. The chief foods eaten in any country depend largely on what grows best in its climate and soil。
22.一个国家的主要食物是什么，大体取决于什么作物在其天气和土壤条件下生长得最好。
23. Over a very large numberof trials, the probability of an event’s occurring is equal to theprobability that it will not occur。
23.在大量的实验中，某一事件发生的几率等于它不发生的几率。
24. Most substance contractwhen they freeze so that the density of a substance’s solid is higherthan the density of its liquid。
24.大多数物质遇冷收缩，所以他们的密度在固态时高于液态。
25. The mechanism by which brain cells store memories is not clearly understood。
25.大脑细胞储存记忆的机理并不为人明白。
26. By the middle of thetwentieth century, painters and sculptors in the United States hadbegun to exert a great worldwide influence over art。
26.到了二十一世纪中叶，美国画家和雕塑家开始在世界范围内对艺术产生重大影响。
27. In the eastern part of New Jersey lies the city of Elizabeth, a major shipping and manufacturing center。
27.伊丽莎白市，一个重要的航运和制造业中心，坐落于新泽西州的东部。
28. Elizabeth Blackwell, thefirst woman medical doctor in the United States, founded the New YorkInfirmary, an institution that has always had a completely femalemedical staff。
28. Elizabeth Blackwell，美国第一个女医生，创建了员工一直为女性纽约诊所。
29. Alexander Graham Bellonce told his family that he would rather be remembered as a teacher ofthe deaf than as the inventor of the telephone。
29. Alexander Graham Bell曾告诉家人，他更愿意让后人记住他是聋子的老师，而非电话的发明者。
30. Because its leaves remain green long after being picked, rosemary became associated with the idea of remembrance。
30.采摘下的迷迭香树叶常绿不衰，因此人们把迷迭香树与怀念联系在一起。
31. Although apparently rigid, bones exhibit a degree of elasticity that enables the skeleton to withstand considerable impact。
31.骨头看起来是脆硬的，但它也有一定的弹性，使得骨骼能够承受相当的打击。
32. That xenon could not FORM chemical compounds was once believed by scientists。
32.科学家曾相信：氙气是不能形成化合物的。
33. Research into thedynamics of storms is directed toward improving the ability to predictthese events and thus to minimize damage and avoid loss of life. 33.对风暴动力学的研究是为了提高风暴预测从而减少损失，避免人员伤亡。
34. The elimination ofinflation would ensure that the amount of money used in repaying a loanwould have the same value as the amount of money borrowed. 34.消除通货膨胀应确保还贷的钱应与所贷款的价值相同。
35. Futurism, an earlytwentieth-century movement in art, rejected all traditions andattempted to glorify contemporary life by emphasizing the machine andmotion。
35.未来主义，二十世纪早期的一个艺术思潮。拒绝一切传统，试图通过强调机械和动态来美化生活。
36. One of the wildest andmost inaccessible parts of the United States is the Everglades wherewildlife is abundant and largely protected。
36. Everglades是美国境内最为荒凉和人迹罕至的地区之一，此处有大量的野生动植物而且大多受(法律)保护。
37. Lucretia Mott’sinfluence was so significant that she has been credited by someauthorities as the originator of feminism in the United States。
37. Lucretia Mott’s的影响巨大，所以一些权威部门认定她为美国女权运动的创始人。
38. The activities of the international marketing researcher are frequently much broader than those of the domestic marketer。
38.国际市场研究者的活动范围常常较国内市场研究者广阔。
39. The continental dividerefers to an imaginary line in the North American Rockies that dividesthe waters flowing into the Atlantic Ocean from those flowing into thePacific。
39.大陆分水岭是指北美洛矶山脉上的一道想象线，该线把大西洋流域和太平洋流域区分开来。
40. Studies of thegravity field of the Earth indicate that its crust and mantle yieldwhen unusual weight is placed on them。
40.对地球引力的研究表明，在不寻常的负荷之下地壳和地幔会发生位移。
41. The annual worth of Utah’s manufacturing is greater than that of its mining and farming combined。
41.尤它州制造业的年产值大于其工业和农业的总和。
42. The wallflower is so called because its weak stems often grow on walls and along stony cliffs for support。
42.墙花之所以叫墙花，是因为其脆弱的枝干经常要靠墙壁或顺石崖生长，以便有所依附。
43. It is the interactionbetween people, rather than the events that occur in their lives, thatis the main focus of social psychology。
43.社会心理学的主要焦点是人与人之间的交往，而不是他们各自生活中的事件。
44. No social crusadearoused Elizabeth Williams’ enthusiasm more than the expansion ofeducational facilities for immigrants to the United States。
44.给美国的新移民增加教育设施比任何社会运动都更多的激发了Elizabeth Williams的热情。
45. Quails typically haveshort rounded wings that enable them to spring into full flightinstantly when disturbed in their hiding places。
45.典型的鹌鹑都长有短而圆的翅膀，凭此他们可以在受惊时一跃而起，飞离它们的躲藏地。
46. According toanthropologists, the earliest ancestors of humans that stood uprightresembled chimpanzees facially, with sloping foreheads and protrudingbrows。
46.根据人类学家的说法，直立行走的人的鼻祖面部轮廓与黑猩猩相似，额头后倾，眉毛突出。
47. Not until 1866 was the fully successful transatlantic cable finally laid。
47.直到1866年第一条横跨大西洋的电缆才完全成功的架通。
48. In his writing, JohnCrowe Ransom describes what he considers the spiritual barrenness ofsociety brought about by science and technology。
48. John Crowe Ransom在他的著作中描述了他认为是由科学技术给社会带来的精神贫困。
49. Children with parentswhose guidance is firm, consistent, and rational are inclined topossess high levels of self-confidence。
49.父母的教导如果坚定，始终如一和理性，孩子就有可能充满自信。
50. The ancient Hopewellpeople of North America probably cultivated corn and other crops, buthunting and gathering were still of critical importance in theireconomy。
50.北美远古的Hopewell人很可能种植了玉米和其他农作物，但打猎和采集对他们的经济贸易仍是至关重要的。
51. Using many symbols makes it possible to put a large amount of inFORMation on a single map。
51.使用多种多样的符号可以在一张地图里放进大量的信息
52. Anarchism is a termdescribing a cluster of doctrines and attitudes whose principal unitingfeature is the belief that government is both harmful and unnecessary。
52.无政府主义这个词描述的是一堆理论和态度，它们的主要共同点在于相信政府是有害的，没有必要的。
53. Probably no man had moreeffect on the daily lives of most people in the Untied States than didHenry Ford a pioneer in automobile production。
53.恐怕没有谁对大多数美国人的日常生活影响能超过汽车生产的先驱亨利。福特。
54. The use of well-chosen nonsense words makes possible the testing of many basic hypotheses in the field of language learning。
54.使用精心挑选的无意义词汇，可以检验语言学科里许多基本的假定。
55. The history of painting is a fascinating chain of events that probably began with the very first pictures ever made。
55.优化历史是由一连串的迷人事件组成，其源头大概可以上溯到最早的图画。
56. Perfectly matched pearls, strung into a necklace, bring a far higher price than the same pearls told individually。
56.相互般配的珍珠，串成一条项链，就能卖到比单独售出好得多的价钱。
57. During the eighteenthcentury, Little Turtle was chief of the Miami tribe whose territorybecame what is now Indiana and Ohio。
57.十八世纪时，“小乌龟”是迈阿密部落的酋长，该部落的地盘就是今天的印第安那州和俄亥俄州。
58. Among almost sevenhundred species of bamboo, some are fully grown at less than a foothigh, while others can grow three feet in twenty-four hours。
58.在竹子的近七百个品种中，有的全长成还不到一英尺，有的却能在二十四小时内长出三英尺。
59. Before staring on a seavoyage, prudent navigators learn the sea charts, study the sailingdirections, and memorize lighthouse locations to prepare themselves forany conditions they might encounter。
59.谨慎的航海员在出航前，会研究航向，记录的灯塔的位置，以便对各种可能出现的情况做到有备无患。
60. Of all the economically important plants, palms have been the least studied。
60.在所有的经济作物中，棕榈树得到的研究最少。
61. Buyers and sellers should be aware of new developments in technology can and does affect marketing activities。
61.购买者和销售者都应该留意技术的新发展，原因很简单，因为技术能够并且噎影响着营销活动。
62. The application ofelectronic controls made possible by the microprocessor and computerstorage have multiplied the uses of the modern typewriter。
62.电脑储存和由于电子微处理机得以实现的电控运用成倍的增加了现代打字机的功能。
63. The human skeletonconsists of more than two hundred bones bound together by tough andrelatively inelastic connective tissues called ligaments。
63.人类骨骼有二百多块骨头组成，住些骨头石油坚韧而相对缺乏弹性的，被称为韧带的结蒂组连在一起。
64. The pigmentation of apearl is influenced by the type of oyster in which it develops and bythe depth, temperature, and the salt content of the water in which theoyster lives。
64.珍珠的色泽受到作为其母体牡蛎种类及牡蛎生活水域的深度，温度和含盐度的制约。
65. Although mockingbirdssuperbly mimic the songs and calls of many birds, they can nonethelessbe quickly identified as mockingbirds by certain aural clues。
65.尽管模仿鸟学很多种鸟的鸣叫声惟妙惟肖，但人类还是能够依其声音上的线索很快识别它们。
66. Not only can walking fish live out of water, but they can also travel short distances over land。
66.鲇鱼不仅可以离开水存活，还可以在岸上短距离移动。
67. Scientists do not knowwhy dinosaurs became extinct, but some theories postulate that changersin geography, climate, and sea levels were responsible。
67.科学家不知道恐龙为何绝种了，但是一些理论推断是地理，气候和海平面的变化造成的。
68. The science ofhorticulture, in which the primary concerns are maximum yield andsuperior quality, utilizes inFORMation derived from other sciences。
68.主要目的在于丰富和优质的农艺学利用了其他科学的知识。
69. Snow aids farmers by keeping heart in the lower ground levels, thereby saving the seeds from freezing。
69.雪对农民是一种帮助，因为它保持地层土壤的温度，使种子不致冻死。
70. Even though the precisequalities of hero in literary words may vary over time, the basicexemplary function of the hero seems to remain constant。
70.历代文学作品中的英雄本色虽各有千秋，但其昭世功力却是恒古不变的。
71. People in prehistoric times created paints by grinding materials such as plants and clay into power and then adding water。
71.史前的人们制造颜料是将植物和泥土等原料磨成粉末，然后加水。
72. Often very annoying weeds, goldenrods crowd out less hardy plants and act as hosts to many insect pests。
72.***花通常令人生厌，它挤走不那么顽强的植物，并找来很多害虫。
73. Starting around 7000B.C., and for the next four thousand years, much of the NorthernHemisphere experienced temperatures warmer than at present。
73.大约从公元前七千年开始，在四千年当中，北半球的温度比现在高。
74. When Henry Ford firstsought financial backing for making cars, the very notion of farmersand clerks owning automobiles was considered ridiculous。
74.当亨利。福特最初制造汽车为寻求资金支持时，农民和一般职员也能拥有汽车的想法被认为是可笑的。
75. Though once quite large,the population of the bald eagle across North America has drasticallydeclined in the past forty years。
75.北美秃头鹰的数量一度很多，但在近四十年中全北美的秃头鹰数量急剧下降。
76. The beaver chews down trees to get food and material with which to build its home。
76.水獭啃倒树木，以便取食物并获得造窝的材料。
77. Poodles were once usedas retrievers in duck hunting, but the American Kennel Club does notconsider them sporting dogs because they are now primarily kept as pets。
77.长卷毛狗曾被用作猎鸭时叼回猎物的猎犬，但是美国Kennel Club却不承认它们为猎犬，因为它们现在大多数作为宠物饲养。
78. As a result of what isnow know in physics and chemistry, scientists have been able to makeimportant discoveries in biology and medicine。
78.物理学和化学的一个成果是使得科学家们能在生物学和医学上获得重大发现。
79. The practice of makingexcellent films based on rather obscure novels has been going on solong in the United States as to constitute a tradition。
79.根据默默无闻的小说制作优秀影片在美国由来颐，噎成为传统。
80. Since the consumerconsiders the best fruit to be that which is the most attractive, thegrower must provide products that satisfy the discerning eye。
80.因为顾客认为最好的水果应该看起来也是最漂亮的，所以种植者必须提供能满足挑剔眼光的产品。
81. Television the mostpervasive and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid changeand growth, is moving into a new era, an era of extraordinarysophistication and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives andour world。
81.电视，这项从迅速变化和成长为标志的最普及和最有影响力的现代技术，正在步入一个新时代，一个极为成熟和多样化的时代，这将重塑我们的生活和世界。
82. Television is more thanjust an electronics; it is a means of expression, as well as a vehiclefor communication, and as such becomes a powerful tool for reachingother human beings。
82.电视不仅仅是一件电器；它是表达的手段和交流的载体并因此成为联系他人的有力工具。
83.Even more shocking is the fact that the number and rate of imprisonmenthave more than doubled over the past twenty years, andrecidivism------that is the rate for re-arrest------is more than 60percent。
83.更让人吃惊的事实是监禁的数目和比例在过去的二十年中翻了一番还有余，以及累犯率——即再次拘押的比例——为百分之六十强。
84.William Rainey Harperlured him to the new university of Chicago, where he remainedofficially for exactly a generation and where his students in advancedcomposition found him terrifyingly frigid in the classroom butsympathetic and understanding in their personal conferences。
84.他的教书生涯始于麻省理工学院，但是William Rainey Harper把他吸引到了新成立的芝加哥大学。他在那里正式任职长达整整一代人的时间。他的高级作文课上的学生觉得他在课上古板得可怕，但私下交流却富有同情和理解。
85. The sloth pays suchlittle attention to its personal hygiene that green algae grow on itscoarse hair and communities of a parasitic moth live in the depths ofits coat producing caterpillars which graze on its mouldy hair. Itsmuscles are such that it is quits incapable of moving at a speed ofover a kilometer an hour even over the shortest distances and theswiftest movement it can make is a sweep of its hooked arm。
85.树獭即不讲究卫生，以至于它粗糙的毛发上生出绿苔，成群的寄生蛾生长在它的皮毛深处，变成毛毛虫，并以它的脏毛为食。她的肌肉不能让他哪怕在很短的距离以内以每小时一公里的速度移动。它能做的最敏捷的动作就是挥一挥它弯曲的胳膊。
86. Artificial flowers areused for scientific as well as for decorative purposes. They are madefrom a variety of materials, such as way and glass, so skillfully thatthey can scarcely be distinguished from natural flowers。
86.人造花卉即可用于科学目的，也可用于装饰目的，它们可以用各种各样的材料制成，臂如蜡和玻璃；其制作如此精巧，几乎可以以假乱真。
87. Three years of researchat an abandoned coal mine in Argonne, Illinois, have resulted infindings that scientists believe can help reclaim thousands of minedisposal sites that scar the coal-rich regions of the United States。
87.在伊利诺州Angonne市的一个废弃煤矿的三年研究取得了成果，科学家们相信这些成果可以帮助改造把美国产煤区弄得伤痕累累的数千个旧煤场。
88. When the persuading andthe planning for the western railroads had finally been completed, thereally challenging task remained: the dangerous, sweaty, backbreaking,brawling business of actually building the lines。
88.当有关西部铁路的说服和规划工作终于完成后，真正艰难的任务还没有开始；即危险，吃力，需要伤筋动骨和吵吵嚷嚷的建造这些铁路的实际工作。
89. Because of the spacecrunch, the Art Museum has become increasingly cautious in consideringacquisitions and donations of art, in some cases passing upopportunities to strengthen is collections。
89.由于空间不足，艺术博物馆在考虑购买和接受捐赠的艺术品是越来越慎重，有些情况下放弃其进一步改善收藏的机会。
90. The United StatesConstitution requires that President be a natural-born citizen,thirty-five years of age or older, who has lived in the United Statesfor a minimum of fourteen years。
90.美国宪法要求总统是生于美国本土的公民，三十五岁以上，并且在美国居住了至少十四年。
91. Arid regions in thesouthwestern United States have become increasingly invitingplaygrounds for the growing number of recreation seekers who ownvehicles such as motorcycles or powered trail bikes and indulge inhill-climbing contests or in caving new trails in the desert。
91.美国西部的不毛之地正成为玩耍的地方，对越来越多拥有摩托车或越野单车类车辆的，喜欢放纵于爬坡比赛或开辟新的沙漠通道的寻欢作乐者具有不断增长的吸引力。
92. Stone does decay, and sotools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the man who madethem have disappeared without trace。
92.石头不会腐烂，所以以前的(石器)工具能保存下来，虽然它们的制造者噎消失的无影无踪。
93. Insects would make itimpossible for us to live in the world; they would devour all our cropsand kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for the protection we getfrom insect-eating animals。
93.昆虫就将会使我们无法在这个世界上居住；如果我们没有受到以昆虫为食的动物的保护，昆虫就会吞嚼掉我们所有的庄稼并杀死我们饲养的禽兽。
94. It is true that duringtheir explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of themost perilous nature, equipped in a manner which would make a modernclimber shudder at the thought, but they did not go out of their way tocourt such excitement。
94.确实，他们在探险中遇到了极具威胁性的困难和危险，而他们的装备会让一个现代登山者想一想都会浑身颤栗。不过他们并不是刻意去追求刺激的。
95. There is only onedifference between an old man and a young one: the young man has aglorious future before him and old one has a splendid future behindhim: and maybe that is where the rub is。
95.老人和年轻人之间只有一个区别：年轻人的前面有辉煌的未来，老年人灿烂的未来却已在它们身后。这也许就是困难之所在。
96. I find young peopleexciting. They have an air of freedom, and they have not a drearycommitment to mean ambitions or love comfort. They are not anxioussocial climbers, and they have no devotion to material things。
96.我们位年强人振奋。它们带有自由的气息，他们不会为狭隘的野心和贪婪享受而孜孜以求。他们不是焦虑的向上爬的人，他们不会对物质性的东西难舍难分。
97. I am always amazed whenI hear people saying that sport creates goodwill between the nations,and that if only the common peoples of the world could meet one anotherat football or cricket, they would have no inclination to meet on thebattlefield。
97.每次我听说体育运动能够在国家间建立起友好感情，说世界各地的普通人只要能在足球场或板球场上相遇就会没有兴趣在战场上相遇的话，我都倍感诧异。
98. It is impossible to saysimply for the fun and exercise: as soon as the question of prestigearises, as soon as you feel that you and some larger unit will bedisgraced if you lose, the most savage combative instincts are around。
98.没有可能仅仅为了娱乐或锻炼而运动：一旦有了问题，一旦你觉得你输了你和你所属团体会有失体面时，你最野蛮的好斗本能就会被激发出来。
99. It has been found thatcertain bats emit squeaks and by receiving the echoes, they can locateand steer clear of obstacles------or locate flying insects on whichthey feed. This echo-location in bats is often compared with radar, theprinciple of which is similar。
99.人们噎发现，某些蝙蝠发出尖叫声并靠接受回响来锁定和避免障碍物——或者找到它们赖以为生的昆虫。蝙蝠这种回响定位法常拿来和原理与之很相近似的雷达相比。
100. As the time and cost ofmaking a clip drop to a few days and a few hundred dollars, engineersmay soon be free to let their imaginations soar without being penalizedby expensive failure。
100.随着芯片制造时间和费用降低到了几天和几百美元，工程师们可能很快可以任他们的想象驰骋而不会被昂贵的失败所惩罚。
1. Typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent is the American antelope, or pronghorn。
1.美洲羚羊，或称叉角羚，是该大陆典型的草原动物。
2. Of the millions who sawHaley’s comet in 1986, how many people will live long enough to see itreturn in the twenty-first century。
2. 1986年看见哈雷慧星的千百万人当中，有多少人能够长寿到足以目睹它在二十一世纪的回归呢？
3. Anthropologists have discovered that fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise are universally reflected in facial expressions。
3.人类学家们噎发现，恐惧，快乐，悲伤和惊奇都会行之于色，这在全人类是共通的。
4. Because of its irritating effect on humans, the use of phenol as a general antiseptic has been largely discontinued。
4.由于苯酚对人体带有刺激性作用，它基本上已不再被当作常用的防腐剂了。
5. In group to remain inexistence, a profit-making organization must, in the long run, producesomething consumers consider useful or desirable。
5.任何盈利组织若要生存，最终都必须生产出消费者可用或需要的产品。
6. The greater thepopulation there is in a locality, the greater the need there is forwater, transportation, and disposal of refuse。
6.一个地方的人口越多，其对水，交通和垃圾处理的需求就会越大。
7. It is more difficult towrite simply, directly, and effectively than to employ flowery butvague expressions that only obscure one’s meaning。
7.简明，直接，有力的写作难于花哨，含混而意义模糊的表达。
8. With modern officesbecoming more mechanized, designers are attempting to personalize themwith warmer, less severe interiors。
8.随着现代办公室的日益自动化，设计师们正试图利用较为温暖而不太严肃的内部装饰来使其具有亲切感。
9. The difference between libel and slander is that libel is printed while slander is spoken。
9.诽谤和流言的区别在于前者是书面的，而后者是口头的。
10. The knee is the joints where the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg。
10.膝盖是大腿骨和小腿胫的连接处。
11. Acids are chemicalcompounds that, in water solution, have a sharp taste, a corrosiveaction on metals, and the ability to turn certain blue vegetable dyesred。
11.酸是一种化合物，它在溶于水时具有强烈的气味和对金属的腐蚀性，并且能够使某些蓝色植物染料变红。
12. Billie Holiday’s reputation as a great jazz-blues singer rests on her ability to give emotional depth to her songs。
12. Billie Holiday’s作为一个爵士布鲁斯乐杰出歌手的名声建立在能够赋予歌曲感情深度的能力。
13. Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of what is conceived to be reality。
13.理论在本质上是对认识了的现实的一种抽象和符号化的表达。
14. Long before children areable to speak or understand a language, they communicate through facialexpressions and by making noises。
14.儿童在能说或能听懂语言之前，很久就会通过面部表情和靠发出噪声来与人交流了。
15. Thanks to modern irrigation, crops now grow abundantly in areas where once nothing but cacti and sagebrush could live。
15.受当代灌溉(技术设施)之赐，农作物在原来只有仙人掌和荞属科植物才能生存的地方旺盛的生长。
16. The development of mechanical timepieces spurred the search for more accurate sundials with which to regulate them。
16.机械计时器的发展促使人们寻求更精确的日晷，以便校准机械计时器。
17. Anthropology is ascience in that anthropologists use a rigorous set of methods andtechniques to document observations that can be checked by others。
17.人类学是一门科学，因为人类学家采用一整套强有力的方法和技术来记录观测结果，而这样记录下来的观测结果是供他人核查的。
18. Fungi are important inthe process of decay, which returns ingredients to the soil, enhancessoil fertility, and decomposes animal debris。
18.真菌在腐化过程中十分重要，而腐化过程将化学物质回馈于土壤，提高其肥力，并分解动物粪便。
19. When it is struck, a tuning fork produces an almost pure tone, retaining its pitch over a long period of time。
19.音叉被敲击时，产生几乎纯质的音调，其音量经久不衰。
20. Although pecans are mostplentiful in the southeastern part of the United States, they are foundas far north as Ohio and Illinois。
20.虽然美洲山河桃树最集中于美国的东南部但是在北至俄亥俄州及伊利诺州也能看见它们。
21. Eliminating problems by transferring the blame to others is often called scape-goating。
21.用怪罪别人的办法来解决问题通常被称为寻找替罪羊。
22. The chief foods eaten in any country depend largely on what grows best in its climate and soil。
22.一个国家的主要食物是什么，大体取决于什么作物在其天气和土壤条件下生长得最好。
23. Over a very large numberof trials, the probability of an event’s occurring is equal to theprobability that it will not occur。
23.在大量的实验中，某一事件发生的几率等于它不发生的几率。
24. Most substance contractwhen they freeze so that the density of a substance’s solid is higherthan the density of its liquid。
24.大多数物质遇冷收缩，所以他们的密度在固态时高于液态。
25. The mechanism by which brain cells store memories is not clearly understood。
25.大脑细胞储存记忆的机理并不为人明白。
26. By the middle of thetwentieth century, painters and sculptors in the United States hadbegun to exert a great worldwide influence over art。
26.到了二十一世纪中叶，美国画家和雕塑家开始在世界范围内对艺术产生重大影响。
27. In the eastern part of New Jersey lies the city of Elizabeth, a major shipping and manufacturing center。
27.伊丽莎白市，一个重要的航运和制造业中心，坐落于新泽西州的东部。
28. Elizabeth Blackwell, thefirst woman medical doctor in the United States, founded the New YorkInfirmary, an institution that has always had a completely femalemedical staff。
28. Elizabeth Blackwell，美国第一个女医生，创建了员工一直为女性纽约诊所。
29. Alexander Graham Bellonce told his family that he would rather be remembered as a teacher ofthe deaf than as the inventor of the telephone。
29. Alexander Graham Bell曾告诉家人，他更愿意让后人记住他是聋子的老师，而非电话的发明者。
30. Because its leaves remain green long after being picked, rosemary became associated with the idea of remembrance。
30.采摘下的迷迭香树叶常绿不衰，因此人们把迷迭香树与怀念联系在一起。
31. Although apparently rigid, bones exhibit a degree of elasticity that enables the skeleton to withstand considerable impact。
31.骨头看起来是脆硬的，但它也有一定的弹性，使得骨骼能够承受相当的打击。
32. That xenon could not FORM chemical compounds was once believed by scientists。
32.科学家曾相信：氙气是不能形成化合物的。
33. Research into thedynamics of storms is directed toward improving the ability to predictthese events and thus to minimize damage and avoid loss of life. 33.对风暴动力学的研究是为了提高风暴预测从而减少损失，避免人员伤亡。
34. The elimination ofinflation would ensure that the amount of money used in repaying a loanwould have the same value as the amount of money borrowed. 34.消除通货膨胀应确保还贷的钱应与所贷款的价值相同。
35. Futurism, an earlytwentieth-century movement in art, rejected all traditions andattempted to glorify contemporary life by emphasizing the machine andmotion。
35.未来主义，二十世纪早期的一个艺术思潮。拒绝一切传统，试图通过强调机械和动态来美化生活。
36. One of the wildest andmost inaccessible parts of the United States is the Everglades wherewildlife is abundant and largely protected。
36. Everglades是美国境内最为荒凉和人迹罕至的地区之一，此处有大量的野生动植物而且大多受(法律)保护。
37. Lucretia Mott’sinfluence was so significant that she has been credited by someauthorities as the originator of feminism in the United States。
37. Lucretia Mott’s的影响巨大，所以一些权威部门认定她为美国女权运动的创始人。
38. The activities of the international marketing researcher are frequently much broader than those of the domestic marketer。
38.国际市场研究者的活动范围常常较国内市场研究者广阔。
39. The continental dividerefers to an imaginary line in the North American Rockies that dividesthe waters flowing into the Atlantic Ocean from those flowing into thePacific。
39.大陆分水岭是指北美洛矶山脉上的一道想象线，该线把大西洋流域和太平洋流域区分开来。
40. Studies of thegravity field of the Earth indicate that its crust and mantle yieldwhen unusual weight is placed on them。
40.对地球引力的研究表明，在不寻常的负荷之下地壳和地幔会发生位移。
41. The annual worth of Utah’s manufacturing is greater than that of its mining and farming combined。
41.尤它州制造业的年产值大于其工业和农业的总和。
42. The wallflower is so called because its weak stems often grow on walls and along stony cliffs for support。
42.墙花之所以叫墙花，是因为其脆弱的枝干经常要靠墙壁或顺石崖生长，以便有所依附。
43. It is the interactionbetween people, rather than the events that occur in their lives, thatis the main focus of social psychology。
43.社会心理学的主要焦点是人与人之间的交往，而不是他们各自生活中的事件。
44. No social crusadearoused Elizabeth Williams’ enthusiasm more than the expansion ofeducational facilities for immigrants to the United States。
44.给美国的新移民增加教育设施比任何社会运动都更多的激发了Elizabeth Williams的热情。
45. Quails typically haveshort rounded wings that enable them to spring into full flightinstantly when disturbed in their hiding places。
45.典型的鹌鹑都长有短而圆的翅膀，凭此他们可以在受惊时一跃而起，飞离它们的躲藏地。
46. According toanthropologists, the earliest ancestors of humans that stood uprightresembled chimpanzees facially, with sloping foreheads and protrudingbrows。
46.根据人类学家的说法，直立行走的人的鼻祖面部轮廓与黑猩猩相似，额头后倾，眉毛突出。
47. Not until 1866 was the fully successful transatlantic cable finally laid。
47.直到1866年第一条横跨大西洋的电缆才完全成功的架通。
48. In his writing, JohnCrowe Ransom describes what he considers the spiritual barrenness ofsociety brought about by science and technology。
48. John Crowe Ransom在他的著作中描述了他认为是由科学技术给社会带来的精神贫困。
49. Children with parentswhose guidance is firm, consistent, and rational are inclined topossess high levels of self-confidence。
49.父母的教导如果坚定，始终如一和理性，孩子就有可能充满自信。
50. The ancient Hopewellpeople of North America probably cultivated corn and other crops, buthunting and gathering were still of critical importance in theireconomy。
50.北美远古的Hopewell人很可能种植了玉米和其他农作物，但打猎和采集对他们的经济贸易仍是至关重要的。
51. Using many symbols makes it possible to put a large amount of inFORMation on a single map。
51.使用多种多样的符号可以在一张地图里放进大量的信息
52. Anarchism is a termdescribing a cluster of doctrines and attitudes whose principal unitingfeature is the belief that government is both harmful and unnecessary。
52.无政府主义这个词描述的是一堆理论和态度，它们的主要共同点在于相信政府是有害的，没有必要的。
53. Probably no man had moreeffect on the daily lives of most people in the Untied States than didHenry Ford a pioneer in automobile production。
53.恐怕没有谁对大多数美国人的日常生活影响能超过汽车生产的先驱亨利。福特。
54. The use of well-chosen nonsense words makes possible the testing of many basic hypotheses in the field of language learning。
54.使用精心挑选的无意义词汇，可以检验语言学科里许多基本的假定。
55. The history of painting is a fascinating chain of events that probably began with the very first pictures ever made。
55.优化历史是由一连串的迷人事件组成，其源头大概可以上溯到最早的图画。
56. Perfectly matched pearls, strung into a necklace, bring a far higher price than the same pearls told individually。
56.相互般配的珍珠，串成一条项链，就能卖到比单独售出好得多的价钱。
57. During the eighteenthcentury, Little Turtle was chief of the Miami tribe whose territorybecame what is now Indiana and Ohio。
57.十八世纪时，“小乌龟”是迈阿密部落的酋长，该部落的地盘就是今天的印第安那州和俄亥俄州。
58. Among almost sevenhundred species of bamboo, some are fully grown at less than a foothigh, while others can grow three feet in twenty-four hours。
58.在竹子的近七百个品种中，有的全长成还不到一英尺，有的却能在二十四小时内长出三英尺。
59. Before staring on a seavoyage, prudent navigators learn the sea charts, study the sailingdirections, and memorize lighthouse locations to prepare themselves forany conditions they might encounter。
59.谨慎的航海员在出航前，会研究航向，记录的灯塔的位置，以便对各种可能出现的情况做到有备无患。
60. Of all the economically important plants, palms have been the least studied。
60.在所有的经济作物中，棕榈树得到的研究最少。
61. Buyers and sellers should be aware of new developments in technology can and does affect marketing activities。
61.购买者和销售者都应该留意技术的新发展，原因很简单，因为技术能够并且噎影响着营销活动。
62. The application ofelectronic controls made possible by the microprocessor and computerstorage have multiplied the uses of the modern typewriter。
62.电脑储存和由于电子微处理机得以实现的电控运用成倍的增加了现代打字机的功能。
63. The human skeletonconsists of more than two hundred bones bound together by tough andrelatively inelastic connective tissues called ligaments。
63.人类骨骼有二百多块骨头组成，住些骨头石油坚韧而相对缺乏弹性的，被称为韧带的结蒂组连在一起。
64. The pigmentation of apearl is influenced by the type of oyster in which it develops and bythe depth, temperature, and the salt content of the water in which theoyster lives。
64.珍珠的色泽受到作为其母体牡蛎种类及牡蛎生活水域的深度，温度和含盐度的制约。
65. Although mockingbirdssuperbly mimic the songs and calls of many birds, they can nonethelessbe quickly identified as mockingbirds by certain aural clues。
65.尽管模仿鸟学很多种鸟的鸣叫声惟妙惟肖，但人类还是能够依其声音上的线索很快识别它们。
66. Not only can walking fish live out of water, but they can also travel short distances over land。
66.鲇鱼不仅可以离开水存活，还可以在岸上短距离移动。
67. Scientists do not knowwhy dinosaurs became extinct, but some theories postulate that changersin geography, climate, and sea levels were responsible。
67.科学家不知道恐龙为何绝种了，但是一些理论推断是地理，气候和海平面的变化造成的。
68. The science ofhorticulture, in which the primary concerns are maximum yield andsuperior quality, utilizes inFORMation derived from other sciences。
68.主要目的在于丰富和优质的农艺学利用了其他科学的知识。
69. Snow aids farmers by keeping heart in the lower ground levels, thereby saving the seeds from freezing。
69.雪对农民是一种帮助，因为它保持地层土壤的温度，使种子不致冻死。
70. Even though the precisequalities of hero in literary words may vary over time, the basicexemplary function of the hero seems to remain constant。
70.历代文学作品中的英雄本色虽各有千秋，但其昭世功力却是恒古不变的。
71. People in prehistoric times created paints by grinding materials such as plants and clay into power and then adding water。
71.史前的人们制造颜料是将植物和泥土等原料磨成粉末，然后加水。
72. Often very annoying weeds, goldenrods crowd out less hardy plants and act as hosts to many insect pests。
72.***花通常令人生厌，它挤走不那么顽强的植物，并找来很多害虫。
73. Starting around 7000B.C., and for the next four thousand years, much of the NorthernHemisphere experienced temperatures warmer than at present。
73.大约从公元前七千年开始，在四千年当中，北半球的温度比现在高。
74. When Henry Ford firstsought financial backing for making cars, the very notion of farmersand clerks owning automobiles was considered ridiculous。
74.当亨利。福特最初制造汽车为寻求资金支持时，农民和一般职员也能拥有汽车的想法被认为是可笑的。
75. Though once quite large,the population of the bald eagle across North America has drasticallydeclined in the past forty years。
75.北美秃头鹰的数量一度很多，但在近四十年中全北美的秃头鹰数量急剧下降。
76. The beaver chews down trees to get food and material with which to build its home。
76.水獭啃倒树木，以便取食物并获得造窝的材料。
77. Poodles were once usedas retrievers in duck hunting, but the American Kennel Club does notconsider them sporting dogs because they are now primarily kept as pets。
77.长卷毛狗曾被用作猎鸭时叼回猎物的猎犬，但是美国Kennel Club却不承认它们为猎犬，因为它们现在大多数作为宠物饲养。
78. As a result of what isnow know in physics and chemistry, scientists have been able to makeimportant discoveries in biology and medicine。
78.物理学和化学的一个成果是使得科学家们能在生物学和医学上获得重大发现。
79. The practice of makingexcellent films based on rather obscure novels has been going on solong in the United States as to constitute a tradition。
79.根据默默无闻的小说制作优秀影片在美国由来颐，噎成为传统。
80. Since the consumerconsiders the best fruit to be that which is the most attractive, thegrower must provide products that satisfy the discerning eye。
80.因为顾客认为最好的水果应该看起来也是最漂亮的，所以种植者必须提供能满足挑剔眼光的产品。
81. Television the mostpervasive and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid changeand growth, is moving into a new era, an era of extraordinarysophistication and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives andour world。
81.电视，这项从迅速变化和成长为标志的最普及和最有影响力的现代技术，正在步入一个新时代，一个极为成熟和多样化的时代，这将重塑我们的生活和世界。
82. Television is more thanjust an electronics; it is a means of expression, as well as a vehiclefor communication, and as such becomes a powerful tool for reachingother human beings。
82.电视不仅仅是一件电器；它是表达的手段和交流的载体并因此成为联系他人的有力工具。
83.Even more shocking is the fact that the number and rate of imprisonmenthave more than doubled over the past twenty years, andrecidivism------that is the rate for re-arrest------is more than 60percent。
83.更让人吃惊的事实是监禁的数目和比例在过去的二十年中翻了一番还有余，以及累犯率——即再次拘押的比例——为百分之六十强。
84.William Rainey Harperlured him to the new university of Chicago, where he remainedofficially for exactly a generation and where his students in advancedcomposition found him terrifyingly frigid in the classroom butsympathetic and understanding in their personal conferences。
84.他的教书生涯始于麻省理工学院，但是William Rainey Harper把他吸引到了新成立的芝加哥大学。他在那里正式任职长达整整一代人的时间。他的高级作文课上的学生觉得他在课上古板得可怕，但私下交流却富有同情和理解。
85. The sloth pays suchlittle attention to its personal hygiene that green algae grow on itscoarse hair and communities of a parasitic moth live in the depths ofits coat producing caterpillars which graze on its mouldy hair. Itsmuscles are such that it is quits incapable of moving at a speed ofover a kilometer an hour even over the shortest distances and theswiftest movement it can make is a sweep of its hooked arm。
85.树獭即不讲究卫生，以至于它粗糙的毛发上生出绿苔，成群的寄生蛾生长在它的皮毛深处，变成毛毛虫，并以它的脏毛为食。她的肌肉不能让他哪怕在很短的距离以内以每小时一公里的速度移动。它能做的最敏捷的动作就是挥一挥它弯曲的胳膊。
86. Artificial flowers areused for scientific as well as for decorative purposes. They are madefrom a variety of materials, such as way and glass, so skillfully thatthey can scarcely be distinguished from natural flowers。
86.人造花卉即可用于科学目的，也可用于装饰目的，它们可以用各种各样的材料制成，臂如蜡和玻璃；其制作如此精巧，几乎可以以假乱真。
87. Three years of researchat an abandoned coal mine in Argonne, Illinois, have resulted infindings that scientists believe can help reclaim thousands of minedisposal sites that scar the coal-rich regions of the United States。
87.在伊利诺州Angonne市的一个废弃煤矿的三年研究取得了成果，科学家们相信这些成果可以帮助改造把美国产煤区弄得伤痕累累的数千个旧煤场。
88. When the persuading andthe planning for the western railroads had finally been completed, thereally challenging task remained: the dangerous, sweaty, backbreaking,brawling business of actually building the lines。
88.当有关西部铁路的说服和规划工作终于完成后，真正艰难的任务还没有开始；即危险，吃力，需要伤筋动骨和吵吵嚷嚷的建造这些铁路的实际工作。
89. Because of the spacecrunch, the Art Museum has become increasingly cautious in consideringacquisitions and donations of art, in some cases passing upopportunities to strengthen is collections。
89.由于空间不足，艺术博物馆在考虑购买和接受捐赠的艺术品是越来越慎重，有些情况下放弃其进一步改善收藏的机会。
90. The United StatesConstitution requires that President be a natural-born citizen,thirty-five years of age or older, who has lived in the United Statesfor a minimum of fourteen years。
90.美国宪法要求总统是生于美国本土的公民，三十五岁以上，并且在美国居住了至少十四年。
91. Arid regions in thesouthwestern United States have become increasingly invitingplaygrounds for the growing number of recreation seekers who ownvehicles such as motorcycles or powered trail bikes and indulge inhill-climbing contests or in caving new trails in the desert。
91.美国西部的不毛之地正成为玩耍的地方，对越来越多拥有摩托车或越野单车类车辆的，喜欢放纵于爬坡比赛或开辟新的沙漠通道的寻欢作乐者具有不断增长的吸引力。
92. Stone does decay, and sotools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the man who madethem have disappeared without trace。
92.石头不会腐烂，所以以前的(石器)工具能保存下来，虽然它们的制造者噎消失的无影无踪。
93. Insects would make itimpossible for us to live in the world; they would devour all our cropsand kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for the protection we getfrom insect-eating animals。
93.昆虫就将会使我们无法在这个世界上居住；如果我们没有受到以昆虫为食的动物的保护，昆虫就会吞嚼掉我们所有的庄稼并杀死我们饲养的禽兽。
94. It is true that duringtheir explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of themost perilous nature, equipped in a manner which would make a modernclimber shudder at the thought, but they did not go out of their way tocourt such excitement。
94.确实，他们在探险中遇到了极具威胁性的困难和危险，而他们的装备会让一个现代登山者想一想都会浑身颤栗。不过他们并不是刻意去追求刺激的。
95. There is only onedifference between an old man and a young one: the young man has aglorious future before him and old one has a splendid future behindhim: and maybe that is where the rub is。
95.老人和年轻人之间只有一个区别：年轻人的前面有辉煌的未来，老年人灿烂的未来却已在它们身后。这也许就是困难之所在。
96. I find young peopleexciting. They have an air of freedom, and they have not a drearycommitment to mean ambitions or love comfort. They are not anxioussocial climbers, and they have no devotion to material things。
96.我们位年强人振奋。它们带有自由的气息，他们不会为狭隘的野心和贪婪享受而孜孜以求。他们不是焦虑的向上爬的人，他们不会对物质性的东西难舍难分。
97. I am always amazed whenI hear people saying that sport creates goodwill between the nations,and that if only the common peoples of the world could meet one anotherat football or cricket, they would have no inclination to meet on thebattlefield。
97.每次我听说体育运动能够在国家间建立起友好感情，说世界各地的普通人只要能在足球场或板球场上相遇就会没有兴趣在战场上相遇的话，我都倍感诧异。
98. It is impossible to saysimply for the fun and exercise: as soon as the question of prestigearises, as soon as you feel that you and some larger unit will bedisgraced if you lose, the most savage combative instincts are around。
98.没有可能仅仅为了娱乐或锻炼而运动：一旦有了问题，一旦你觉得你输了你和你所属团体会有失体面时，你最野蛮的好斗本能就会被激发出来。
99. It has been found thatcertain bats emit squeaks and by receiving the echoes, they can locateand steer clear of obstacles------or locate flying insects on whichthey feed. This echo-location in bats is often compared with radar, theprinciple of which is similar。
99.人们噎发现，某些蝙蝠发出尖叫声并靠接受回响来锁定和避免障碍物——或者找到它们赖以为生的昆虫。蝙蝠这种回响定位法常拿来和原理与之很相近似的雷达相比。
100. As the time and cost ofmaking a clip drop to a few days and a few hundred dollars, engineersmay soon be free to let their imaginations soar without being penalizedby expensive failure。
100.随着芯片制造时间和费用降低到了几天和几百美元，工程师们可能很快可以任他们的想象驰骋而不会被昂贵的失败所惩罚。
Sluggish Gallbladder Symptoms
The gallbladder is a digestive organ that stores the digestive juices produced by the liver. Those who don't have healthy dietary habits are most likely to experience sluggish gallbladder symptoms as a result of malfunctioning of the gallbladder. In this article, we will find out more about the symptoms of sluggish gallbladder along with the treatment options.
The gallbladder is a tiny pear-shaped sac that is located beneath the liver. Gallbladder plays an important role in the digestive process. It performs the vital task of storing bile and releasing it onto the small intestine after the consumption of a fatty meal. If the gallbladder becomes sluggish or is unable to secrete sufficient amounts of bile on the small intestine, the process of emulsification of fats would be adversely affected. Malfunctioning of gallbladder is usually a direct result of unhealthy eating habits. Gallbladder disease is often characterized by indigestion-related symptoms, that usually make an appearance after one consumes a fatty meal. In this article, we will find out the circumstances under which one may suffer from gallbladder problems along with sluggish gallbladder symptoms and treatment options.
Sluggish Gallbladder: Causes
Before I move on to sluggish gallbladder symptoms, let me tell you how the gallbladder works and what causes malfunctioning of the gallbladder. Well, the gallbladder is a digestive organ that helps in the digestion of fats. When one ingests a fatty meal, digestive enzymes released by the walls of the stomach as well as the intestine act on the food. When wave-like contractions of the walls of the intestine break down the food even further, a hormone called cholecystokinin is released by the endocrine glands. It is this hormone that brings about contractions in the smooth muscle of the gallbladder. This leads to the relaxation of a valve called sphincter of Oddi. When this valve relaxes, bile is released onto the small intestine.
Most of the time, overeating or consuming alcohol or fatty meals on a regular basis can put a lot of burden on the digestive organ. In a majority of cases, consumption of a diet rich in cholesterol and fats, leads to the formation of gallstones. Gallstones are hardened deposits that form when there is an imbalance in the concentration of cholesterol or bile pigments. Formation of gallstones is one of the most common reason behind the malfunctioning of the gallbladder or other gallbladder problems. When these hardened deposits obstruct the passage of bile, the process of digestion of fats naturally gets hampered. When the gallbladder is unable to release bile, there is a great likelihood of the gallbladder getting inflamed. Under these circumstances, one is most likely to suffer from symptoms of sluggish gallbladder.
Sluggish Gallbladder: Symptoms
A smooth flow of bile is extremely important for digestion or metabolism. While the liver produces bile, it is the gallbladder that secretes it on the small intestine. When both of these organs are overworked due to poor dietary habits and a sedentary lifestyle, one is likely to suffer from ingestion or digestive disorders. Abdominal pain, queasy stomach, nausea, vomiting, gas, bloating and belching are some of the symptoms associated with a sluggish gallbladder. Some of the aforementioned gallstones signs and symptoms may be caused due to the inflammation of the gallbladder due to gallstones. Many people develop an intolerance to fats, and suffer from episodes of gallbladder attack after the ingestion of a fatty meal. Sometimes, pain may even be referred towards the right side of one's chest. The intensity and duration of pain may vary depending on the extent of inflammation of the gallbladder.
Sluggish Gallbladder: Treatment
The treatment of a sluggish gallbladder would depend on the extent of damage to the gallbladder. Certain diagnostic tests or imaging procedures such as CT scan, ultrasound, hepatobiliary scintigraphy or cholangiography can be conducted if one seems to be experiencing recurring gallbladder attacks. If the metabolism seems to have been severely affected, one would also need to start making changes to one's diet and lifestyle. Apple juice, prune juice and beet juice are known to be excellent for helping problems associated with digestion or slowed metabolism. Herbs such as milk thistle and alfalfa are also known to be effective when it comes to liver and gallbladder cleansing. Certain herbal supplements or drugs may also help in dissolving small-sized gallstones. If drug therapy or herbal remedies don't seem to be working, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy may be recommended. Lithotripsy involves use of high-energy ultrasound waves for breaking down the gallstones. Oral dissolution therapy is another method that involves ingestion of pills that contain bile acids. If natural remedies for gallstones or other treatment options don't work and the gallbladder seems to be severely damaged, one may have to undergo surgery for removal of the gallbladder.
This was a brief overview on reasons behind malfunctioning of the gallbladder. Sluggish gallbladder symptoms can cause a great deal of discomfort, and must never be taken casually. Anyone who has been exhibiting these symptoms on a regular basis must get a medical checkup done. If left untreated, there is a risk of the gallbladder becoming infected, inflamed or damaged beyond repair. Under these circumstances, surgery would have to be performed to remove the gallbladder. Gallbladder removal comes with its own set of problems, so, it would be better to follow the guidelines suggested by the doctor so as to restore the function of the gallbladder.
By Smita Pandit
The gallbladder is a tiny pear-shaped sac that is located beneath the liver. Gallbladder plays an important role in the digestive process. It performs the vital task of storing bile and releasing it onto the small intestine after the consumption of a fatty meal. If the gallbladder becomes sluggish or is unable to secrete sufficient amounts of bile on the small intestine, the process of emulsification of fats would be adversely affected. Malfunctioning of gallbladder is usually a direct result of unhealthy eating habits. Gallbladder disease is often characterized by indigestion-related symptoms, that usually make an appearance after one consumes a fatty meal. In this article, we will find out the circumstances under which one may suffer from gallbladder problems along with sluggish gallbladder symptoms and treatment options.
Sluggish Gallbladder: Causes
Before I move on to sluggish gallbladder symptoms, let me tell you how the gallbladder works and what causes malfunctioning of the gallbladder. Well, the gallbladder is a digestive organ that helps in the digestion of fats. When one ingests a fatty meal, digestive enzymes released by the walls of the stomach as well as the intestine act on the food. When wave-like contractions of the walls of the intestine break down the food even further, a hormone called cholecystokinin is released by the endocrine glands. It is this hormone that brings about contractions in the smooth muscle of the gallbladder. This leads to the relaxation of a valve called sphincter of Oddi. When this valve relaxes, bile is released onto the small intestine.
Most of the time, overeating or consuming alcohol or fatty meals on a regular basis can put a lot of burden on the digestive organ. In a majority of cases, consumption of a diet rich in cholesterol and fats, leads to the formation of gallstones. Gallstones are hardened deposits that form when there is an imbalance in the concentration of cholesterol or bile pigments. Formation of gallstones is one of the most common reason behind the malfunctioning of the gallbladder or other gallbladder problems. When these hardened deposits obstruct the passage of bile, the process of digestion of fats naturally gets hampered. When the gallbladder is unable to release bile, there is a great likelihood of the gallbladder getting inflamed. Under these circumstances, one is most likely to suffer from symptoms of sluggish gallbladder.
Sluggish Gallbladder: Symptoms
A smooth flow of bile is extremely important for digestion or metabolism. While the liver produces bile, it is the gallbladder that secretes it on the small intestine. When both of these organs are overworked due to poor dietary habits and a sedentary lifestyle, one is likely to suffer from ingestion or digestive disorders. Abdominal pain, queasy stomach, nausea, vomiting, gas, bloating and belching are some of the symptoms associated with a sluggish gallbladder. Some of the aforementioned gallstones signs and symptoms may be caused due to the inflammation of the gallbladder due to gallstones. Many people develop an intolerance to fats, and suffer from episodes of gallbladder attack after the ingestion of a fatty meal. Sometimes, pain may even be referred towards the right side of one's chest. The intensity and duration of pain may vary depending on the extent of inflammation of the gallbladder.
Sluggish Gallbladder: Treatment
The treatment of a sluggish gallbladder would depend on the extent of damage to the gallbladder. Certain diagnostic tests or imaging procedures such as CT scan, ultrasound, hepatobiliary scintigraphy or cholangiography can be conducted if one seems to be experiencing recurring gallbladder attacks. If the metabolism seems to have been severely affected, one would also need to start making changes to one's diet and lifestyle. Apple juice, prune juice and beet juice are known to be excellent for helping problems associated with digestion or slowed metabolism. Herbs such as milk thistle and alfalfa are also known to be effective when it comes to liver and gallbladder cleansing. Certain herbal supplements or drugs may also help in dissolving small-sized gallstones. If drug therapy or herbal remedies don't seem to be working, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy may be recommended. Lithotripsy involves use of high-energy ultrasound waves for breaking down the gallstones. Oral dissolution therapy is another method that involves ingestion of pills that contain bile acids. If natural remedies for gallstones or other treatment options don't work and the gallbladder seems to be severely damaged, one may have to undergo surgery for removal of the gallbladder.
This was a brief overview on reasons behind malfunctioning of the gallbladder. Sluggish gallbladder symptoms can cause a great deal of discomfort, and must never be taken casually. Anyone who has been exhibiting these symptoms on a regular basis must get a medical checkup done. If left untreated, there is a risk of the gallbladder becoming infected, inflamed or damaged beyond repair. Under these circumstances, surgery would have to be performed to remove the gallbladder. Gallbladder removal comes with its own set of problems, so, it would be better to follow the guidelines suggested by the doctor so as to restore the function of the gallbladder.
By Smita Pandit
Gallbladder Disease in Children
Wondering what causes gallbladder disease in children? Scroll down to find out more about the causes, symptoms and treatment of gallbladder disease.
The human body comprises various organ systems that work in conjunction so as to facilitate the vital bodily processes needed for healthy functioning of the body. The gallbladder is one such organ that aids in the digestive process. The gallbladder is a tiny pear-shaped sac that is located beneath the liver in the upper-right section of the abdomen. Wondering how the gallbladder aids in the digestion of food? Well, this tiny muscular sac stores bile, which is a digestive juice the liver produces. Bile helps in emulsifying fats so that they can be easily digested. If the gallbladder function gets adversely affected due to any reason, it will not be able to regulate the flow of bile.
When the body is unable to digest fats, one may develop an intolerance to fats, and therefore, experience various distressing symptoms on ingesting a fatty meal. One of the most common causes of gallbladder disease is the formation of gallstones in the gallbladder. Though gallbladder disease is not very common in children, poor dietary habits could cause gallbladder dysfunction in children. In this article, we will find out what causes gallbladder problems in children and how it can be treated.
Gallbladder Disease in Children: Causes
As mentioned earlier, gallbladder releases bile as and when the digestive system needs to break down cholesterol and fats. The ingested food is acted upon by enzymes that are released from the walls of the stomach. When it reaches the small intestine, the endocrine glands secrete a hormone called cholecystokinin. Release of this hormone causes the smooth muscle of the gallbladder to contract. The contraction causes relaxation of a valve called Sphincter of Oddi. This is followed by release of bile into the small intestine. Wondering what are the circumstances under which the gallbladder would fail to regulate the flow of bile? Well, the presence of gallstones in the gallbladder is one of the most common gallbladder disease causes. This condition is medically referred to as cholelithiasis.
The reason behind the formation of gallstone is an imbalance in the composition of bile. Cholesterol, bile salts and bilirubin make up this digestive juice. Whenever the concentration of cholesterol or bile pigment in bile increases, it begins to crystallize into stone-like deposits. When these stones obstruct the cystic duct, one is diagnosed with biliary colic. Presence of gallstone in the common bile duct is referred to as choledocholithiasis. The aforementioned conditions are usually caused due to consumption of foods that are loaded with cholesterol or fats. Children who have a compromised immune system may also be at a higher risk of developing these conditions. If gallstones obstruct the bile duct and impede the flow of bile, they can even cause chronic cholecystitis or inflammation of the gallbladder. Acute cholecystitis, on the other hand, is mostly caused due to bacterial or viral infections. At times, infections may result due to a surgery gone wrong. Children suffering from liver diseases may also end up with an inflamed gallbladder.
Gallbladder Disease in Children: Symptoms and Treatment
Gallbladder disease symptoms are very similar to what one may experience due to indigestion, but these are usually quite severe. Children suffering from gallbladder disease may develop intolerance to foods that are rich in fats or cholesterol. Due to this, they begin to experience gallbladder attack symptoms on ingestion of fatty foods. Abdominal pain, tenderness in the upper-right section of abdomen, indigestion, bloating, belching, heartburn, fever, nausea, vomiting and biliary colic are some of the symptoms one may experience. At times, one may even experience right-sided chest pain. Severe inflammation could also affect one's appetite. If a child has been experiencing gallbladder disease symptoms, certain diagnostic tests should be conducted in order to identify the underlying cause. Certain imaging procedures can also help in detecting the presence of gallstones and resultant inflammation.
As far as the gallbladder disease treatment is concerned, drug therapy coupled with certain dietary guidelines may prove helpful. Following a gallbladder disease diet would certainly help in preventing a gallbladder attack. Cleansing of the liver as well as the gallbladder can be achieved with the help of certain herbs. Drinking beet juice or apple juice is believed to help in dissolving small-sized gallstones, but if inflammation is severe, gallbladder removal, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy or oral dissolution therapy may be suggested. These procedures are resorted to in rare cases, where drug therapy or natural remedies don't work. Lithotripsy is a method wherein ultrasound waves are used for breaking gallstones, whereas oral dissolution therapy involves use of bile acid pills to break gallstones.
This was a brief overview on gallbladder problems in children. Though cases of gallbladder disease in children are not very common, unhealthy eating habits or certain medical conditions may put children at a risk of developing gallbladder disease. A timely diagnosis and treatment is extremely important to slow the progression of gallbladder disease. It's important that the disease is not allowed to grow to a stage where surgery becomes a necessity. Parents must, therefore, make sure that children follow a healthy diet and make the right lifestyle choices. After all, prevention is better than cure.
By Smita Pandit
The human body comprises various organ systems that work in conjunction so as to facilitate the vital bodily processes needed for healthy functioning of the body. The gallbladder is one such organ that aids in the digestive process. The gallbladder is a tiny pear-shaped sac that is located beneath the liver in the upper-right section of the abdomen. Wondering how the gallbladder aids in the digestion of food? Well, this tiny muscular sac stores bile, which is a digestive juice the liver produces. Bile helps in emulsifying fats so that they can be easily digested. If the gallbladder function gets adversely affected due to any reason, it will not be able to regulate the flow of bile.
When the body is unable to digest fats, one may develop an intolerance to fats, and therefore, experience various distressing symptoms on ingesting a fatty meal. One of the most common causes of gallbladder disease is the formation of gallstones in the gallbladder. Though gallbladder disease is not very common in children, poor dietary habits could cause gallbladder dysfunction in children. In this article, we will find out what causes gallbladder problems in children and how it can be treated.
Gallbladder Disease in Children: Causes
As mentioned earlier, gallbladder releases bile as and when the digestive system needs to break down cholesterol and fats. The ingested food is acted upon by enzymes that are released from the walls of the stomach. When it reaches the small intestine, the endocrine glands secrete a hormone called cholecystokinin. Release of this hormone causes the smooth muscle of the gallbladder to contract. The contraction causes relaxation of a valve called Sphincter of Oddi. This is followed by release of bile into the small intestine. Wondering what are the circumstances under which the gallbladder would fail to regulate the flow of bile? Well, the presence of gallstones in the gallbladder is one of the most common gallbladder disease causes. This condition is medically referred to as cholelithiasis.
The reason behind the formation of gallstone is an imbalance in the composition of bile. Cholesterol, bile salts and bilirubin make up this digestive juice. Whenever the concentration of cholesterol or bile pigment in bile increases, it begins to crystallize into stone-like deposits. When these stones obstruct the cystic duct, one is diagnosed with biliary colic. Presence of gallstone in the common bile duct is referred to as choledocholithiasis. The aforementioned conditions are usually caused due to consumption of foods that are loaded with cholesterol or fats. Children who have a compromised immune system may also be at a higher risk of developing these conditions. If gallstones obstruct the bile duct and impede the flow of bile, they can even cause chronic cholecystitis or inflammation of the gallbladder. Acute cholecystitis, on the other hand, is mostly caused due to bacterial or viral infections. At times, infections may result due to a surgery gone wrong. Children suffering from liver diseases may also end up with an inflamed gallbladder.
Gallbladder Disease in Children: Symptoms and Treatment
Gallbladder disease symptoms are very similar to what one may experience due to indigestion, but these are usually quite severe. Children suffering from gallbladder disease may develop intolerance to foods that are rich in fats or cholesterol. Due to this, they begin to experience gallbladder attack symptoms on ingestion of fatty foods. Abdominal pain, tenderness in the upper-right section of abdomen, indigestion, bloating, belching, heartburn, fever, nausea, vomiting and biliary colic are some of the symptoms one may experience. At times, one may even experience right-sided chest pain. Severe inflammation could also affect one's appetite. If a child has been experiencing gallbladder disease symptoms, certain diagnostic tests should be conducted in order to identify the underlying cause. Certain imaging procedures can also help in detecting the presence of gallstones and resultant inflammation.
As far as the gallbladder disease treatment is concerned, drug therapy coupled with certain dietary guidelines may prove helpful. Following a gallbladder disease diet would certainly help in preventing a gallbladder attack. Cleansing of the liver as well as the gallbladder can be achieved with the help of certain herbs. Drinking beet juice or apple juice is believed to help in dissolving small-sized gallstones, but if inflammation is severe, gallbladder removal, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy or oral dissolution therapy may be suggested. These procedures are resorted to in rare cases, where drug therapy or natural remedies don't work. Lithotripsy is a method wherein ultrasound waves are used for breaking gallstones, whereas oral dissolution therapy involves use of bile acid pills to break gallstones.
This was a brief overview on gallbladder problems in children. Though cases of gallbladder disease in children are not very common, unhealthy eating habits or certain medical conditions may put children at a risk of developing gallbladder disease. A timely diagnosis and treatment is extremely important to slow the progression of gallbladder disease. It's important that the disease is not allowed to grow to a stage where surgery becomes a necessity. Parents must, therefore, make sure that children follow a healthy diet and make the right lifestyle choices. After all, prevention is better than cure.
By Smita Pandit
What Causes Gallbladder Sludge
Do you know that it is the presence of sludge in the bladder that can actually result into gallstones in the near future? Therefore, knowing what causes gallbladder sludge in the body would definitely help you prevent the formation of gallstones. Read on...
The gallbladder is a small organ located underneath your liver at the right hand side. It is a pear shaped organ which actually stores the bile, which is a digestive fluid that helps in digesting meals which are high in fat and cholesterol. The formation of sludge in the gallbladder occurs when the bile combines with other particles like cholesterol crystals, mucus, calcium and salt particles. All these particles combine to form a dense sludge in the bladder. The sludge may either flush out on its own, or remain. If the gallbladder sludge is thick in density, then it may lead to formation of gallstones.
What Causes Sludge in the Gallbladder?
By reading the aforementioned paragraph, you would have understood that the gallbladder sludge is formed by the fat and cholesterol deposits present in the body. There could be many reasons, besides the one mentioned above, behind the formation of sludge in the gallbladder. Some of the main causes are as follows. Have a look...
Rapid Weight Loss
Going on a crash diet and losing weight rapidly can also cause formation of sludge in the gallbladder. People who suddenly go into strict fasting or crash diets are prone to have gallbladder sludge. This is because eating less means less excretion of the bile from the gallbladder. Due to this the gallbladder needs to store the bile within, which can cause gallbladder sludge.
Pregnancy
Pregnancy is another condition that can lead to gallbladder sludge. This could be due to changes in diet, hormonal change , and so on. In fact, you will find many women who develop gallbladder sludge and gallstones during this condition.
Medications
Certain medications also can trigger the formation of gallbladder sludge. Therefore if you have been experiencing the symptoms of gallbladder sludge specifically after starting some medication, then ask your doctor about the same and try to stop it.
Eating High Cholesterol Diet
As mentioned earlier, sludge and gallstones are formed due to cholesterol, calcium and fat deposits. The bile in the gallbladder may contain too much of cholesterol, because of eating a diet which is high in cholesterol. This can also cause gallbladder sludge.
Alcohol or Drug Abuse
If you have been indulging into too much of alcohol or other drugs, then there are chances that you may have gallbladder sludge. Too much of alcohol forces your liver to work all the more harder, working harder means excreting more bile, and more bile means chances of formation of sludge.
What are the Symptoms of a Gallbladder Sludge?
Most of the time, people having gallbladder sludge do not experience any symptoms and signs. It can either flush itself out of the body on its own, or it can remain inside and block the bile duct. Due to the blockage, there can be certain discomfort in the abdomen which can be indicated by the following symptoms of gallbladder sludge. •Sharp and severe pain at the upper abdomen on the right side
•Nausea and Vomiting
•Bloating
•Diarrhea
•At times people also suffer from high fever and chills
Diagnoses and Treatment of Gallbladder Sludge
As mentioned earlier, if the body automatically flushes out the sludge, then there is nothing to worry about. However, the remaining sludge not only leads to the formation of gallstones, but it can also pose many health related threats like pancreatitis, cholecystitis, and biliary colic. In fact, gallbladder problems also put a person under the risk of suffering from heart issues. If you can identify yourself with the aforementioned symptoms, then you must get in touch with your health care specialist as soon as possible. He or she will conduct various tests and examinations like transabdominal ultrasonography which can help diagnose this condition. If you experience severe pain, then your doctor would advice you to take some pain killers. Certain medications like Ursodiol may be prescribed so that the sludge can be treated by breaking down the proteins present in the bile. If the condition is really severe, then your doctor might conduct surgery for removing gallbladder.
Bringing changes in your diet can actually prove to be very helpful, which is why you must follow the diet for gallbladder sludge. Cut down on high sodium foods, cholesterol and fatty foods and consume a high fiber diet so that it helps in the process of digestion giving your liver a little rest, thereby secreting lesser bile in the body. Keeping your body well hydrated also helps. Also make sure that you don't eat large meals but rather, consume food in lesser quantities. I hope this article on what causes gallbladder sludge has increased your awareness about this condition. So make sure you lead a healthy life. Have a safe tomorrow.
By Shalu Bhatti
The gallbladder is a small organ located underneath your liver at the right hand side. It is a pear shaped organ which actually stores the bile, which is a digestive fluid that helps in digesting meals which are high in fat and cholesterol. The formation of sludge in the gallbladder occurs when the bile combines with other particles like cholesterol crystals, mucus, calcium and salt particles. All these particles combine to form a dense sludge in the bladder. The sludge may either flush out on its own, or remain. If the gallbladder sludge is thick in density, then it may lead to formation of gallstones.
What Causes Sludge in the Gallbladder?
By reading the aforementioned paragraph, you would have understood that the gallbladder sludge is formed by the fat and cholesterol deposits present in the body. There could be many reasons, besides the one mentioned above, behind the formation of sludge in the gallbladder. Some of the main causes are as follows. Have a look...
Rapid Weight Loss
Going on a crash diet and losing weight rapidly can also cause formation of sludge in the gallbladder. People who suddenly go into strict fasting or crash diets are prone to have gallbladder sludge. This is because eating less means less excretion of the bile from the gallbladder. Due to this the gallbladder needs to store the bile within, which can cause gallbladder sludge.
Pregnancy
Pregnancy is another condition that can lead to gallbladder sludge. This could be due to changes in diet, hormonal change , and so on. In fact, you will find many women who develop gallbladder sludge and gallstones during this condition.
Medications
Certain medications also can trigger the formation of gallbladder sludge. Therefore if you have been experiencing the symptoms of gallbladder sludge specifically after starting some medication, then ask your doctor about the same and try to stop it.
Eating High Cholesterol Diet
As mentioned earlier, sludge and gallstones are formed due to cholesterol, calcium and fat deposits. The bile in the gallbladder may contain too much of cholesterol, because of eating a diet which is high in cholesterol. This can also cause gallbladder sludge.
Alcohol or Drug Abuse
If you have been indulging into too much of alcohol or other drugs, then there are chances that you may have gallbladder sludge. Too much of alcohol forces your liver to work all the more harder, working harder means excreting more bile, and more bile means chances of formation of sludge.
What are the Symptoms of a Gallbladder Sludge?
Most of the time, people having gallbladder sludge do not experience any symptoms and signs. It can either flush itself out of the body on its own, or it can remain inside and block the bile duct. Due to the blockage, there can be certain discomfort in the abdomen which can be indicated by the following symptoms of gallbladder sludge. •Sharp and severe pain at the upper abdomen on the right side
•Nausea and Vomiting
•Bloating
•Diarrhea
•At times people also suffer from high fever and chills
Diagnoses and Treatment of Gallbladder Sludge
As mentioned earlier, if the body automatically flushes out the sludge, then there is nothing to worry about. However, the remaining sludge not only leads to the formation of gallstones, but it can also pose many health related threats like pancreatitis, cholecystitis, and biliary colic. In fact, gallbladder problems also put a person under the risk of suffering from heart issues. If you can identify yourself with the aforementioned symptoms, then you must get in touch with your health care specialist as soon as possible. He or she will conduct various tests and examinations like transabdominal ultrasonography which can help diagnose this condition. If you experience severe pain, then your doctor would advice you to take some pain killers. Certain medications like Ursodiol may be prescribed so that the sludge can be treated by breaking down the proteins present in the bile. If the condition is really severe, then your doctor might conduct surgery for removing gallbladder.
Bringing changes in your diet can actually prove to be very helpful, which is why you must follow the diet for gallbladder sludge. Cut down on high sodium foods, cholesterol and fatty foods and consume a high fiber diet so that it helps in the process of digestion giving your liver a little rest, thereby secreting lesser bile in the body. Keeping your body well hydrated also helps. Also make sure that you don't eat large meals but rather, consume food in lesser quantities. I hope this article on what causes gallbladder sludge has increased your awareness about this condition. So make sure you lead a healthy life. Have a safe tomorrow.
By Shalu Bhatti
How to Avoid a Gallbladder Attack
A gallbladder diet is the best way to combat gall bladder problems. Here are a few tips on how to avoid a gallbladder attack.
Gallbladder disease is a painful outcome of modern lifestyle. Gallbladder removal surgery is one of the most commonly performed surgeries in the US. Incidentally, this disease is rampant in the US and other developed nations, with approximately 2 million Americans suffering from this disease. The high incidence of this disease amongst developed countries can be largely attributed to an unhealthy diet form, also referred as 'Western diet'. However, this disease is no more confined to developed nations alone, as large number of people in developing countries are also falling prey to this disease. Unsurprisingly, this can also be attributed to Western diet, which is becoming very much a part of meal in these countries. Let us know more about gallbladder disease and how to avoid a gallbladder attack, in this article.
How to Avoid a Gallbladder Attack?
Gallbladder is a small pear shaped organ in the abdominal cavity. Its function is to store bile secreted by liver and release it whenever required. Bile is required to digest fatty foods, as it saturates the cholesterol in fatty foods. However, when the amount of cholesterol exceeds the bile, it does not get saturated. As a result, small crystals of cholesterol form inside the gallbladder. Sometimes, these crystals are grain sized while at times they may grow to the size of a golf ball. When this crystal tries to leave gallbladder and enter a narrow duct connecting liver and small intestine, it often gets stuck in the narrow tube. As a result, you may experience sharp, stabbing pain in your abdominal region which may extend to shoulders and back. This is an onset of a gallbladder attack. A gallbladder attack may last anywhere from a few minutes to several hours.
Gallbladder disease often originates from an unhealthy diet. Western diet, which often comprises processed meats and refined grains is the worst you can feed your body. This diet is exceptionally high in salts, sodium and preservatives, all of which are detrimental to your health. Besides, this diet is extremely high in bad cholesterol, which is mainly responsible for the formation of gallstones. Hence, the first thing that you should do in case you are wondering about what to do to avoid a gallbladder attack is say goodbye to a Western diet. After that, you should follow a healthy diet which is low on fats.
Home Remedies for a Gallbladder Attack
There are some people who are more susceptible to developing gallstones than others. These include elderly, women who have had two or more children, pregnant women and those on birth control pills or estrogen therapy. Besides, a family history of gallstones also improves your chances of developing gallstones. Thus, if you belong to any of these high risk groups, you should make appropriate changes to your diet as early as possible. A low fat gallbladder diet is the best remedy for a gallbladder attack. This diet is also rich in fresh fruits and vegetables and is ideal for gallstones. However, make sure you avoid citrus fruits and vegetables belonging to cabbage family. Cucumbers, beets, green beans, sweet potatoes, okra, tomatoes, fresh garlic and onions are some of the vegetables that you should consume. One should avoid consumption of red meat, eggs and high fat dairy foods such as whole milk, cheese etc. Fat can come from healthy sources such as flax seed oil, olive oil etc. Herbs such as dandelion and milk thistle are considered to be effective remedies for gallbladder attack symptoms.
Thus, diet is the only way to prevent gallbladder problems. You can consider about a surgery only as a last resort. Giving up a sedentary, unhealthy lifestyle can also have a very positive impact on your health.
By Ashwini Kulkarni Sule
Gallbladder disease is a painful outcome of modern lifestyle. Gallbladder removal surgery is one of the most commonly performed surgeries in the US. Incidentally, this disease is rampant in the US and other developed nations, with approximately 2 million Americans suffering from this disease. The high incidence of this disease amongst developed countries can be largely attributed to an unhealthy diet form, also referred as 'Western diet'. However, this disease is no more confined to developed nations alone, as large number of people in developing countries are also falling prey to this disease. Unsurprisingly, this can also be attributed to Western diet, which is becoming very much a part of meal in these countries. Let us know more about gallbladder disease and how to avoid a gallbladder attack, in this article.
How to Avoid a Gallbladder Attack?
Gallbladder is a small pear shaped organ in the abdominal cavity. Its function is to store bile secreted by liver and release it whenever required. Bile is required to digest fatty foods, as it saturates the cholesterol in fatty foods. However, when the amount of cholesterol exceeds the bile, it does not get saturated. As a result, small crystals of cholesterol form inside the gallbladder. Sometimes, these crystals are grain sized while at times they may grow to the size of a golf ball. When this crystal tries to leave gallbladder and enter a narrow duct connecting liver and small intestine, it often gets stuck in the narrow tube. As a result, you may experience sharp, stabbing pain in your abdominal region which may extend to shoulders and back. This is an onset of a gallbladder attack. A gallbladder attack may last anywhere from a few minutes to several hours.
Gallbladder disease often originates from an unhealthy diet. Western diet, which often comprises processed meats and refined grains is the worst you can feed your body. This diet is exceptionally high in salts, sodium and preservatives, all of which are detrimental to your health. Besides, this diet is extremely high in bad cholesterol, which is mainly responsible for the formation of gallstones. Hence, the first thing that you should do in case you are wondering about what to do to avoid a gallbladder attack is say goodbye to a Western diet. After that, you should follow a healthy diet which is low on fats.
Home Remedies for a Gallbladder Attack
There are some people who are more susceptible to developing gallstones than others. These include elderly, women who have had two or more children, pregnant women and those on birth control pills or estrogen therapy. Besides, a family history of gallstones also improves your chances of developing gallstones. Thus, if you belong to any of these high risk groups, you should make appropriate changes to your diet as early as possible. A low fat gallbladder diet is the best remedy for a gallbladder attack. This diet is also rich in fresh fruits and vegetables and is ideal for gallstones. However, make sure you avoid citrus fruits and vegetables belonging to cabbage family. Cucumbers, beets, green beans, sweet potatoes, okra, tomatoes, fresh garlic and onions are some of the vegetables that you should consume. One should avoid consumption of red meat, eggs and high fat dairy foods such as whole milk, cheese etc. Fat can come from healthy sources such as flax seed oil, olive oil etc. Herbs such as dandelion and milk thistle are considered to be effective remedies for gallbladder attack symptoms.
Thus, diet is the only way to prevent gallbladder problems. You can consider about a surgery only as a last resort. Giving up a sedentary, unhealthy lifestyle can also have a very positive impact on your health.
By Ashwini Kulkarni Sule
Gallbladder Polyps
Gallbladder polyps are common occurrences, and in majority of cases they do not progress to cancer. Let us know more about gallbladder polyps by going through the following health article.
Gallbladder polyps are one of the most common protrusions that occur within the lining of the gallbladder. It is said they affect about 4 to 5% of people. In majority of cases, one does not require any kind of treatment for gallbladder polyps. People diagnosed with gallbladder polyps often have many doubts regarding these growths. The following paragraphs will discuss information that will help clear all doubts regarding this gallbladder condition.
An Overview for Gallbladder Polyps
Gallbladder polyps are lesions that occur in the inner lining of the gallbladder. They protrude from the walls of the gallbladder. They are harmless growths that are made up of cholesterol and inflammatory muscle tissues. Around 95% of the cases of polyps in the gallbladder are non-cancerous and do not give rise to cancer. However, in a few cases, these polyps are adenomatous in nature and progress to form cancerous tumors. The diseased gallbladder, where the wall of the organ becomes very thick due to excessive growth of cellular layer is called adenomyomatosis.
Types of Gallbladder Polyps
There are five types of gallbladder polyps that may occur in a patient. These polyps include cholesterosis, adenocarcinoma, hyperplastic, adenomyatosis and cholecystitis. The most common forms are cholestrosis and adenocarcinoma. Cholestrosis occurs due to accumulation of cholesterol in the gallbladder as well as the mucosal membrane of the organ. Adenocarcinoma is a form of gallbladder cancer. Thus, it is supposed to be a dangerous form of polyp. Hyperplastic polyps are serrated polyps, adenomyatosis of gallbladder is a type of hyperplastic cholecystoses and cholecystitis is the inflammation of gallbladder due to presence of gallstones.
Size of Gallbladder Polyps
The size of the polyps is the main factor that helps in determining whether it is cancerous or non-cancerous. A polyp that is about ½ inch in size (around 10 mm), is said to be benign. These polyps do not require any kind of treatment. An outgrowth of the mucosal lining of the gallbladder that develops into a finger-like projection is known as cholesterolosis or strawberry gallbladder. This occurs due to excessive accumulation of cholesterol and triglycerides in the epithelial lining within the macrophages. These polyps are usually benign gallbladder polyps. Those that are larger than 10 mm in diameter are said to be high risk polyps, and may turn malignant. These high risk polyps need to be treated with cholecystectomy.
Symptoms of Gallbladder Polyps
Gallbladder polyps do not cause any kind of symptoms. These polyps are mostly discovered accidentally during an ultrasound check up for some other condition, or abdominal pain. These polyps very commonly occur in people who suffer from gallstones signs and symptoms. If one does experience symptoms, they generally include pain and tenderness in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen. A severe pain in the upper right abdominal region usually indicates gallstones.
Diagnostic Tests for Gallbladder Polyps
Gallbladder polyps as mentioned above are found during an ultrasound examination. This examination helps in determining the size of the polyps. Apart from an ultrasound, the doctor may suggest positron emission tomography (PET scan) or computerized tomography (CT scan). This helps in evaluation of the cancerous cells in case of large polyps.
Treatment for Gallbladder Polyps
In most cases, gallbladder polyps do not require any treatment as they are harmless. However, those that have the potential of turning cancerous have to be treated. The gallbladder polyps management in this case is to examine the polyps over a period of time. This helps the doctor understand if it is turning cancerous, or remains benign. Otherwise, the patient is asked to undergo cholecystectomy (removal of gallbladder). If the polyps are less than 1 cm or 1.5 cm in diameter, the doctor will regularly monitor its progress and evaluate any suspicious developments.
Gallbladder polyps that are over a centimeter is size, have about 70% chance of turning cancerous. Thus, a polyp that is about 1 cm to 1.5 cm, is monitored regularly for about 2 years. If after this period there are no changes, it is assumed gallbladder polyps management is not required. Depending upon the type of gallbladder polyps, the doctor will decide the treatment plan. It is wise to visit the doctor for regular check ups and keep an eye on polyps that may turn cancerous. Being vigilant is the only way one can prevent polyps from turning into a cancerous complication.
By Batul Nafisa Baxamusa
Gallbladder polyps are one of the most common protrusions that occur within the lining of the gallbladder. It is said they affect about 4 to 5% of people. In majority of cases, one does not require any kind of treatment for gallbladder polyps. People diagnosed with gallbladder polyps often have many doubts regarding these growths. The following paragraphs will discuss information that will help clear all doubts regarding this gallbladder condition.
An Overview for Gallbladder Polyps
Gallbladder polyps are lesions that occur in the inner lining of the gallbladder. They protrude from the walls of the gallbladder. They are harmless growths that are made up of cholesterol and inflammatory muscle tissues. Around 95% of the cases of polyps in the gallbladder are non-cancerous and do not give rise to cancer. However, in a few cases, these polyps are adenomatous in nature and progress to form cancerous tumors. The diseased gallbladder, where the wall of the organ becomes very thick due to excessive growth of cellular layer is called adenomyomatosis.
Types of Gallbladder Polyps
There are five types of gallbladder polyps that may occur in a patient. These polyps include cholesterosis, adenocarcinoma, hyperplastic, adenomyatosis and cholecystitis. The most common forms are cholestrosis and adenocarcinoma. Cholestrosis occurs due to accumulation of cholesterol in the gallbladder as well as the mucosal membrane of the organ. Adenocarcinoma is a form of gallbladder cancer. Thus, it is supposed to be a dangerous form of polyp. Hyperplastic polyps are serrated polyps, adenomyatosis of gallbladder is a type of hyperplastic cholecystoses and cholecystitis is the inflammation of gallbladder due to presence of gallstones.
Size of Gallbladder Polyps
The size of the polyps is the main factor that helps in determining whether it is cancerous or non-cancerous. A polyp that is about ½ inch in size (around 10 mm), is said to be benign. These polyps do not require any kind of treatment. An outgrowth of the mucosal lining of the gallbladder that develops into a finger-like projection is known as cholesterolosis or strawberry gallbladder. This occurs due to excessive accumulation of cholesterol and triglycerides in the epithelial lining within the macrophages. These polyps are usually benign gallbladder polyps. Those that are larger than 10 mm in diameter are said to be high risk polyps, and may turn malignant. These high risk polyps need to be treated with cholecystectomy.
Symptoms of Gallbladder Polyps
Gallbladder polyps do not cause any kind of symptoms. These polyps are mostly discovered accidentally during an ultrasound check up for some other condition, or abdominal pain. These polyps very commonly occur in people who suffer from gallstones signs and symptoms. If one does experience symptoms, they generally include pain and tenderness in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen. A severe pain in the upper right abdominal region usually indicates gallstones.
Diagnostic Tests for Gallbladder Polyps
Gallbladder polyps as mentioned above are found during an ultrasound examination. This examination helps in determining the size of the polyps. Apart from an ultrasound, the doctor may suggest positron emission tomography (PET scan) or computerized tomography (CT scan). This helps in evaluation of the cancerous cells in case of large polyps.
Treatment for Gallbladder Polyps
In most cases, gallbladder polyps do not require any treatment as they are harmless. However, those that have the potential of turning cancerous have to be treated. The gallbladder polyps management in this case is to examine the polyps over a period of time. This helps the doctor understand if it is turning cancerous, or remains benign. Otherwise, the patient is asked to undergo cholecystectomy (removal of gallbladder). If the polyps are less than 1 cm or 1.5 cm in diameter, the doctor will regularly monitor its progress and evaluate any suspicious developments.
Gallbladder polyps that are over a centimeter is size, have about 70% chance of turning cancerous. Thus, a polyp that is about 1 cm to 1.5 cm, is monitored regularly for about 2 years. If after this period there are no changes, it is assumed gallbladder polyps management is not required. Depending upon the type of gallbladder polyps, the doctor will decide the treatment plan. It is wise to visit the doctor for regular check ups and keep an eye on polyps that may turn cancerous. Being vigilant is the only way one can prevent polyps from turning into a cancerous complication.
By Batul Nafisa Baxamusa
Gallbladder Problems After Pregnancy
Gallbladder problems after pregnancy could be caused due to a wide range of reasons. Scroll down to find out more on what causes gallbladder problems during and after pregnancy.
The gallbladder is a small pear-shaped organ that is located under the liver in the upper-right quadrant of the abdomen. The main function of the gallbladder is to store and concentrate bile. Bile, a digestive juice secreted by the liver, flows from the gallbladder into the duodenum. It acts on the partly digested fatty foods and aids in the emulsification and digestion of fats. Since the flow of bile is regulated by the gallbladder, gallbladder problems can have an adverse impact on one's digestive health. Pregnant women are quite susceptible to gallbladder problems. Onset of gallbladder problems during and after pregnancy could be associated with interactions between certain hormones. Scroll down to find out more on the possible causes of gallbladder problems after pregnancy.
Causes of Gallbladder Problems After Pregnancy
A variety of bodily changes take place during the course of pregnancy. Fluid retention, increased cardiac output and many other changes occur due to the interplay of hormones, estrogen and progesterone. The secretion of estrogen and progesterone brings about relaxation of the muscular tissue throughout the body. Slowing down of contractions of gallbladder puts women at an increased risk of developing gallbladder problems during pregnancy. When the gallbladder is unable to empty bile into the duodenum, bile may harden into stone-like deposits called gallstones. Bile contains bile salts, cholesterol and bile pigments. Gallstones are formed when the concentration of cholesterol in bile is way beyond the normal levels. A person suffering from gallstones is most likely to experience symptoms such as abdominal bloating, nausea, heartburn, abdominal pain, belching or indigestion. In case of pregnant women, these symptoms are often confused with morning sickness. This is the reason why gallbladder problems may not be detected in the early stages.
For women who had been diagnosed with gallbladder problems prior to pregnancy, gallbladder disease may worsen during or after pregnancy. Gallbladder may become sluggish if weight loss after delivery takes place at a very fast rate. Rapid weight loss may affect the composition of bile. When women lose weight at a rapid rate, the liver may start secreting higher amounts of cholesterol in bile, which in turn, may lead to the formation of gallstones. Gallstones can also form if women indulge in excessive consumption of foods that have a high cholesterol content. Use of hormone pills may also be responsible for elevating the levels of cholesterol in bile. Gallbladder removal is not recommended during pregnancy. During pregnancy, dietary changes and use of drugs may help in controlling the disease.
If symptoms persist after childbirth, doctors may suggest the removal of gallbladder after pregnancy. Once the gallbladder is removed, bile would flow from the common bile duct to the intestine. If the concentration of cholesterol is high in bile, then hardened stone-like deposits may form in the bile duct. This would also give rise to symptoms that are similar to those experienced during a gallbladder attack. Problems associated with gallbladder motility could also be responsible for the formation of gallstones. Relaxation and contraction of a valve called the sphincter of Oddi regulates the flow of bile from the liver into the small intestine. Women who have undergone surgery for gallbladder removal are at an increased risk of developing sphincter of Oddi dysfunction.
Treatment of Gallbladder Problems After Pregnancy
Now that you have a basic idea on why women may be susceptible to gallbladder problems after childbirth, let me move on to the treatment options. Women with a sluggish gallbladder may develop intolerance to fatty foods which is why they may experience distressing symptoms after having fatty meals. Though drug therapy and diet modification can certainly help in alleviating such symptoms, in severe cases, conservative treatment options may not really work. Under these circumstances, other treatment options may be recommended. These include extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, oral dissolution therapy or cholecystectomy.
Shock wave therapy lithotripsy is one such treatment option wherein high energy ultrasound waves are directed at the stones to break them down. Oral dissolution therapy, on the other hand, aims at dissolving the gallstones. This is done by taking drugs that contain bile acid. Cholecystectomy refers to the removal of the gallbladder. In case of an open gallbladder surgery, a large incision is made in the abdomen to remove the diseased gallbladder. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a minimally-invasive procedure, wherein a laparoscope is inserted through a small cut. Since a small camera is attached to this device, the surgeon can use the images to insert the instruments and remove the gallbladder through small-sized incisions.
On a concluding note, gallbladder problems after pregnancy may be a direct result of poor lifestyle choices that some women may make. While following a proper gallbladder diet during pregnancy may lower the risk of gallbladder disease during pregnancy, women who come under the high risk group must comply with dietary guidelines after pregnancy as well. Don't let gallbladder disease progress to such an extent that gallbladder removal becomes a necessity. Consult a doctor on experiencing aforementioned symptoms at the earliest.
By Smita Pandit
Biliary Dyskinesia Symptoms
Biliary dyskinesia symptoms include recurrent pain in the right upper abdomen due to impaired gallbladder emptying. Biliary dyskinesia or acalculous cholecystopathy can be acute or chronic. Read on to know about this gallbladder disease which is not caused by gallstones.
Gallbladder is a small pear shaped sac which is situated right behind the bottom of the liver. It works as a storehouse for the bile, the digestive juice produced by the liver. Absorption of water, minerals and salts from the bile makes it concentrated before it is passed on to the duodenum by the gallbladder. Bile plays an important role in emulsification of ingested fat, in the intestine. The condition wherein pain in the upper right quadrant (gallbladder area) of the abdomen is experienced again and again, in the absence of gallstones, is referred to as biliary dyskinesia. It is also known as acalculous gallbladder disease. Causes and symptoms of biliary dyskinesia are explained in the following section.
Biliary Dyskinesia Causes
Function of the gallbladder is to store and empty the bile into the duodenum. Bile is stored in the gallbladder in between the meals and it is concentrated. Ingestion of food triggers contraction of gallbladder. If gallbladder fails to contract properly, it cannot pass its contents to the duodenum. Impaired function or improper emptying of the gallbladder leads to excessive pressure in the gallbladder and the bile duct, resulting in pain. 'Dyskinesia' literally means 'abnormal motion'.
Excessive stress can lead to impaired function of the gallbladder. Chronic inflammation of the gallbladder can affect its function significantly. Following a low fat or no fat diet or low fiber diet can affect the gallbladder function. Various thyroid disorders, obesity, low stomach acid, alcohol abuse, excessive consumption of refined foods and sugars, excessive consumption of anti-acids and antidepressants, diabetes, chronic inflammatory bowel disease, etc., are all considered as risk factors for gallbladder diseases.
Biliary Dyskinesia Symptoms
Abnormal gallbladder function leads to right upper quadrant abdominal pain. The pain may spread to the upper back. Sometimes the pain can radiate to shoulder blades as well. Ingestion of food usually triggers the symptoms. The person may experience severe abdominal pain after eating fat rich foods. Fried foods or heavy meals may worsen the situation. The person may suffer from nausea, vomiting, bloating, burping or belching as fats are not digested properly. Lack of sufficient bile in the intestine may even lead to indigestion and loose stools. Some people may complain about vague cramping while some may experience sharp recurring pain. The patient may not be able to identify the exact location of the pain, while experiencing dull ache beneath the right rib cage. The person may complain about a vague discomfort in this region. If gallbladder is causing the pain, then the pain is generally experienced about 40-50 minutes after the consumption of a meal rich in fat. The abnormal contraction of gallbladder can be sometimes even asymptomatic. But usually, the symptoms of biliary dyskinesia, gallbladder disease symptoms (when gallstones are formed) and pancreatitis symptoms are similar.
Biliary Dyskinesia Diagnosis
When patient complains of episodic pain in the upper right abdomen, doctors usually order an ultrasound test. When no gallstones are found in the image, and when the chances of pancreatitis or cancer are ruled out, doctors order CCK-HIDA (cholecystokinin dimethyl iminodiacetic acid) scan. Certain radioactive substance (low strength) is mixed in the collected blood sample of the patient and the blood is again injected into the body of the patient. Then, the hormone cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK) is given to the patient. The hormone CCK triggers gallbladder contraction. A special camera captures the images of emptying of gallbladder into the duodenum. The radioactive substance passed into the body helps get clear images. Doctors can thus determine whether the gallbladder is functioning well or not. If the images show impaired function, diagnosis of functional gallbladder disease is confirmed.
Doctors suggest to follow a biliary dyskinesia diet (very low fat diet) to prevent pain and digestion problems. In most cases, cholecystectomy (surgical removal of the gallbladder) helps relieve the symptoms. Like gallstone diseases, percentage of women suffering from biliary dyskinesia is much higher than the percentage of men suffering from the same. I hope you found the above information on biliary dyskinesia symptoms helpful. If one experiences recurring cramp-like pain or persistent dull pain just beneath the right bottom rib, one should immediately consult a doctor.
By Leena Palande
Gallbladder Polyp Symptoms
In most cases, gallbladder polyps are found to be harmless and may not even cause any symptom. However, some of the affected people may show some gallbladder polyp symptoms. Read on...
A polyp is defined as an abnormal growth of tissue that stems from the mucous membrane. As polyps develop from the mucous membrane, these growths are usually found in the nose, sinuses, stomach, uterus, cervix, etc. Even the gallbladder may develop polyps. Such polyps are described as tissue growths or lesions (like tissue growths) that develop from the wall of the gallbladder. As per statistics, around five percent of adult humans may have gallbladder polyps, which is a condition that is usually considered harmless. However, some of them can be malignant too. This condition can be symptomatic or asymptomatic. This article will provide you with information about gallbladder polyp symptoms.
Gallbladder Polyp Types
Gallbladder polyps can be of different types. Basically, they are classified into malignant and benign ones. While, malignant ones are cancerous polyps, benign ones are non cancerous growths that are also divided into two sub types - true tumors and pseudotumors. True tumors are actual tissue growths, which are produced as a result of abnormal accumulation of mucous membrane tissues. One of the classic example of a true tumor is adenoma. Even pseudotumors can be of different types. They include cholesterol polyps, polypoid lesions, etc. The following are some of common types of gallbladder polyps. •The most common among the different types of benign gallbladder polyps is cholesterol polyp, which can be found singly or as small tiny growths (less than 10 mm in size). These polyps develop as a result of accumulation of cholesterol and triglycerides.
•Another type is fibroid polyps that are found to develop in those with gallstones and inflammatory conditions of the gallbladder.
•A type of gallbladder polyp that is associated with gallbladder inflammation (cholecystitis) is inflammatory polyp. These polyps may rarely be associated with gallstones too.
•Gallbladders may also develop lymphoid polyps that are minute (less than 0.5 mm) growths which are mainly found in those with gallbladder inflammation and/or lymphoid hyperplasia (rapid increase in lymphocytes).
The above said are some of the gallbladder polyp types. Besides them, there are certain other types, like granulation tissue polyps, hyperplastic polyps, adenomas and carcinomas. According to health experts, almost 95% of the gallbladder polyps are benign. However, gallbladder carcinoma is the fifth common type of cancer of the gastrointestinal tract. It has been observed that most of the gallbladder polyps that are less than one centimeter in size, are found to be benign and vice versa. Some of the small polyps can also be cancerous, especially, if they are accompanied with other gallbladder conditions, like, primary sclerosing cholangitis.
Symptoms of Gallbladder Polyps
Gallbladder polyps are mostly found to be asymptomatic. Most of the affected people may not exhibit any noticeable gallbladder polyp symptoms. In most cases, the condition is detected accidentally, when the person undergoes an ultrasound test or CT scan of the abdomen for other reasons. However, some of these people may develop abdominal pain. Such pain is often described to be similar to that of gallstones or gallbladder inflammation, but, less severe. Some may develop jaundice, if the gallbladder polyp gets detached from its location and settles inside the bile duct. Other possible gallbladder polyp symptoms include nausea, vomiting and/or digestive problems. It has been noticed that gallbladder polyps are not usually found in young people. Older men are prone to develop this condition. As compared to men, women have less chances of developing gallbladder polyps.
Gallbladder polyps are diagnosed with the help of ultrasonography or CT scan. Generally, treatment is not required, if the polyps are too small (less than 10 mm). If the patient experiences unbearable symptoms, then removal of gallbladder may be recommended. If the polyps are large (with or without symptoms), then, cholecystectomy (removal of gallbladder) will be required. If the polyps are accompanied by other gallbladder complications, then also removal will be required. In short, the type of treatment may vary with the condition of the patient. It is also said that adopting a gallbladder polyp diet will be beneficial for those with symptoms. Such low fat diet with no caffeine and alcohol, may also prove useful in preventing the condition to some extent.
By Sonia Nair
A polyp is defined as an abnormal growth of tissue that stems from the mucous membrane. As polyps develop from the mucous membrane, these growths are usually found in the nose, sinuses, stomach, uterus, cervix, etc. Even the gallbladder may develop polyps. Such polyps are described as tissue growths or lesions (like tissue growths) that develop from the wall of the gallbladder. As per statistics, around five percent of adult humans may have gallbladder polyps, which is a condition that is usually considered harmless. However, some of them can be malignant too. This condition can be symptomatic or asymptomatic. This article will provide you with information about gallbladder polyp symptoms.
Gallbladder Polyp Types
Gallbladder polyps can be of different types. Basically, they are classified into malignant and benign ones. While, malignant ones are cancerous polyps, benign ones are non cancerous growths that are also divided into two sub types - true tumors and pseudotumors. True tumors are actual tissue growths, which are produced as a result of abnormal accumulation of mucous membrane tissues. One of the classic example of a true tumor is adenoma. Even pseudotumors can be of different types. They include cholesterol polyps, polypoid lesions, etc. The following are some of common types of gallbladder polyps. •The most common among the different types of benign gallbladder polyps is cholesterol polyp, which can be found singly or as small tiny growths (less than 10 mm in size). These polyps develop as a result of accumulation of cholesterol and triglycerides.
•Another type is fibroid polyps that are found to develop in those with gallstones and inflammatory conditions of the gallbladder.
•A type of gallbladder polyp that is associated with gallbladder inflammation (cholecystitis) is inflammatory polyp. These polyps may rarely be associated with gallstones too.
•Gallbladders may also develop lymphoid polyps that are minute (less than 0.5 mm) growths which are mainly found in those with gallbladder inflammation and/or lymphoid hyperplasia (rapid increase in lymphocytes).
The above said are some of the gallbladder polyp types. Besides them, there are certain other types, like granulation tissue polyps, hyperplastic polyps, adenomas and carcinomas. According to health experts, almost 95% of the gallbladder polyps are benign. However, gallbladder carcinoma is the fifth common type of cancer of the gastrointestinal tract. It has been observed that most of the gallbladder polyps that are less than one centimeter in size, are found to be benign and vice versa. Some of the small polyps can also be cancerous, especially, if they are accompanied with other gallbladder conditions, like, primary sclerosing cholangitis.
Symptoms of Gallbladder Polyps
Gallbladder polyps are mostly found to be asymptomatic. Most of the affected people may not exhibit any noticeable gallbladder polyp symptoms. In most cases, the condition is detected accidentally, when the person undergoes an ultrasound test or CT scan of the abdomen for other reasons. However, some of these people may develop abdominal pain. Such pain is often described to be similar to that of gallstones or gallbladder inflammation, but, less severe. Some may develop jaundice, if the gallbladder polyp gets detached from its location and settles inside the bile duct. Other possible gallbladder polyp symptoms include nausea, vomiting and/or digestive problems. It has been noticed that gallbladder polyps are not usually found in young people. Older men are prone to develop this condition. As compared to men, women have less chances of developing gallbladder polyps.
Gallbladder polyps are diagnosed with the help of ultrasonography or CT scan. Generally, treatment is not required, if the polyps are too small (less than 10 mm). If the patient experiences unbearable symptoms, then removal of gallbladder may be recommended. If the polyps are large (with or without symptoms), then, cholecystectomy (removal of gallbladder) will be required. If the polyps are accompanied by other gallbladder complications, then also removal will be required. In short, the type of treatment may vary with the condition of the patient. It is also said that adopting a gallbladder polyp diet will be beneficial for those with symptoms. Such low fat diet with no caffeine and alcohol, may also prove useful in preventing the condition to some extent.
By Sonia Nair
Gallbladder Problems and Back Pain
Is there a connection between gallbladder problems and back pain? Scroll down to find out how an inflamed gallbladder may cause back pain.
The gallbladder is a small sac that is located below the liver. The gallbladder stores and regulates the flow of a digestive juice produced by the liver. This digestive juice is called bile. Whenever one ingests food items that are rich in fats or lipids, a hormone called cholecystokinin is secreted. This is followed by contraction of the gallbladder, which in turn, is followed by the release of bile into the cystic duct. The cystic duct and the hepatic duct make up the common bile duct. It is from the common bile duct, that the bile is released into the small intestine. The secretion of bile is extremely essential for the emulsifying fats, which in turn aids in the digestion and absorption of fats. If the gallbladder gets inflamed, and is unable to release bile at the right time, one may suffer from a wide range of distressing symptoms. Though abdominal pain and discomfort are the characteristic signs of an inflamed gallbladder, pain may sometimes be felt around the back as well. Given below is some information on the connection between gallbladder problems and back pain.
Gallbladder Problems and Back Pain
Before I tell you why a person suffering from gallbladder disease may experience back pain, let me first tell you what causes gallbladder disease. As mentioned earlier, our gallbladder acts as a reservoir for bile, and secretes it as and when it is required. Bile contains bile acids, cholesterol, bilirubin, phospholipids, electrolytes and water. The non-soluble free cholesterol, becomes soluble only when the bile acids act upon it. However, consumption of foods rich in cholesterol can affect the composition of bile. If cholesterol is present in large amounts, it may crystallize into hard stone-like masses. These hardened deposits are called gallstones. The formation of gallstones inside the gallbladder is referred to as cholelithiasis. These hardened deposits, can obstruct the passage of bile and may get lodged anywhere in the biliary tract. If the gallbladder is unable to empty bile, it may become inflamed. Under such circumstances, one is diagnosed with cholecystitis. Inflammation of gallbladder naturally affects the digestive process, and leads to various digestive problems. Bloating, belching, indigestion, nausea, dizziness, queasiness and abdominal pain are the most common symptoms that patients may exhibit.
Since the gallbladder is located in the upper-right quadrant of the abdomen, people suffering from this condition often suffer from upper-right abdominal pain. However, it's not necessary that the pain would remain restricted to the upper-right quadrant, where the gallbladder is located. At times, pain may not be felt around the diseased organ, but be felt at another place. This explains why many of the people suffering from gallbladder disease may complain about back pain. It is quite common for people suffering from gallbladder problems to experience back pain. Pain may even radiate to the right shoulder or between the shoulder blades. Most patients complain about experiencing severe abdominal pain or referred back pain, soon after the ingestion of cholesterol-rich foods. Such episodes of severe pain, which are also referred to as gallbladder attacks, may occur due to decreased tolerance or intolerance to fatty foods.
How to Treat Gallbladder Pain
Now that you know the link between inflammation of the gallbladder and back pain, let's find out more on gallbladder pain relief. Since this back pain is a referred pain, the best way to treat this back pain, would be to treat the underlying cause. Since gallbladder problems mostly arise due to poor dietary habits, and gallbladder attacks occur after ingestion of foods rich in cholesterol, one must pay attention to one's diet. One must refrain from consuming fatty foods, and follow a diet that may help to flush out the gallstones. One can also check out tried-and-tested home remedies. For instance, apple juice is believed to be helpful in flushing out small gallstones. It is believed that malic acid present in apples may help in breaking down gallstones. Many people who suffer from gallstones, have also benefited by drinking beet juice. If remedies don't seem to be providing any relief, doctors may prescribe drugs for dissolving gallstones. Lithotripsy is another noninvasive procedure that involves breaking gallstones with the help of ultrasound waves. If the gallstones are big and the inflammation is severe, surgical removal of the gallbladder may be suggested.
This was some information on the linkage between gallbladder problems and back pain. Back pain that is being referred from an inflamed gallbladder will resolve, once the inflammation has been treated. Those of you, who have been experiencing symptoms associated with a gallbladder disease, must seek medical assistance immediately.
By Smita Pandit
The gallbladder is a small sac that is located below the liver. The gallbladder stores and regulates the flow of a digestive juice produced by the liver. This digestive juice is called bile. Whenever one ingests food items that are rich in fats or lipids, a hormone called cholecystokinin is secreted. This is followed by contraction of the gallbladder, which in turn, is followed by the release of bile into the cystic duct. The cystic duct and the hepatic duct make up the common bile duct. It is from the common bile duct, that the bile is released into the small intestine. The secretion of bile is extremely essential for the emulsifying fats, which in turn aids in the digestion and absorption of fats. If the gallbladder gets inflamed, and is unable to release bile at the right time, one may suffer from a wide range of distressing symptoms. Though abdominal pain and discomfort are the characteristic signs of an inflamed gallbladder, pain may sometimes be felt around the back as well. Given below is some information on the connection between gallbladder problems and back pain.
Gallbladder Problems and Back Pain
Before I tell you why a person suffering from gallbladder disease may experience back pain, let me first tell you what causes gallbladder disease. As mentioned earlier, our gallbladder acts as a reservoir for bile, and secretes it as and when it is required. Bile contains bile acids, cholesterol, bilirubin, phospholipids, electrolytes and water. The non-soluble free cholesterol, becomes soluble only when the bile acids act upon it. However, consumption of foods rich in cholesterol can affect the composition of bile. If cholesterol is present in large amounts, it may crystallize into hard stone-like masses. These hardened deposits are called gallstones. The formation of gallstones inside the gallbladder is referred to as cholelithiasis. These hardened deposits, can obstruct the passage of bile and may get lodged anywhere in the biliary tract. If the gallbladder is unable to empty bile, it may become inflamed. Under such circumstances, one is diagnosed with cholecystitis. Inflammation of gallbladder naturally affects the digestive process, and leads to various digestive problems. Bloating, belching, indigestion, nausea, dizziness, queasiness and abdominal pain are the most common symptoms that patients may exhibit.
Since the gallbladder is located in the upper-right quadrant of the abdomen, people suffering from this condition often suffer from upper-right abdominal pain. However, it's not necessary that the pain would remain restricted to the upper-right quadrant, where the gallbladder is located. At times, pain may not be felt around the diseased organ, but be felt at another place. This explains why many of the people suffering from gallbladder disease may complain about back pain. It is quite common for people suffering from gallbladder problems to experience back pain. Pain may even radiate to the right shoulder or between the shoulder blades. Most patients complain about experiencing severe abdominal pain or referred back pain, soon after the ingestion of cholesterol-rich foods. Such episodes of severe pain, which are also referred to as gallbladder attacks, may occur due to decreased tolerance or intolerance to fatty foods.
How to Treat Gallbladder Pain
Now that you know the link between inflammation of the gallbladder and back pain, let's find out more on gallbladder pain relief. Since this back pain is a referred pain, the best way to treat this back pain, would be to treat the underlying cause. Since gallbladder problems mostly arise due to poor dietary habits, and gallbladder attacks occur after ingestion of foods rich in cholesterol, one must pay attention to one's diet. One must refrain from consuming fatty foods, and follow a diet that may help to flush out the gallstones. One can also check out tried-and-tested home remedies. For instance, apple juice is believed to be helpful in flushing out small gallstones. It is believed that malic acid present in apples may help in breaking down gallstones. Many people who suffer from gallstones, have also benefited by drinking beet juice. If remedies don't seem to be providing any relief, doctors may prescribe drugs for dissolving gallstones. Lithotripsy is another noninvasive procedure that involves breaking gallstones with the help of ultrasound waves. If the gallstones are big and the inflammation is severe, surgical removal of the gallbladder may be suggested.
This was some information on the linkage between gallbladder problems and back pain. Back pain that is being referred from an inflamed gallbladder will resolve, once the inflammation has been treated. Those of you, who have been experiencing symptoms associated with a gallbladder disease, must seek medical assistance immediately.
By Smita Pandit
Gallbladder Contraction
Abnormal gallbladder contraction suggests that there is an underlying gallbladder problem, which has not yet been detected. Read this article to get a brief overview about the gallbladder problems due to contraction.
Gallbladder is a small organ, which forms a part of the digestive system. It is shaped like a pear and is located in the upper right side of the abdominal cavity below the liver. It stores the digestive juices and releases it into the intestine for digestion of the fatty food components. Gallbladder contraction is normal after meals when the bile juice is being released for digestion of the food. However, if this contraction is accompanied by pain, then it could be a symptom of presence of gallstones inside the gallbladder. In such cases, duration of gallbladder spasms is longer and it recurs again and again. Gallstones are hard pebble like structures and are formed due to crystallization of bile components like calcium salts and cholesterol. The gallbladder tends to get inflamed because of the gallstones, which may even block normal flow of bile into the intestine.
Symptoms of Gallbladder Contraction
Excessive gallbladder contraction can give rise to a localized abdominal pain that may last for a few minutes to few hours. The intensity of the pain varies from mild to severe and it has a tendency to get aggravated during the night. The pain that originates in the upper right side of the abdomen spreads to other areas like shoulder blades, back and hands. The region near upper right abdomen is often tender to touch because of the contraction. If a gallstone gets lodged into the bile duct, then the pain turns so severe that you cannot even stand straight. Besides, there are a number of other digestive symptoms that can be observed in this condition. Such symptoms show up because the bile juice is not available for digestion of foods. Some common signs and symptoms of gallbladder problems are as follows: •Recurrent vomiting occurs as the body tries to get rid of the excess bile.
•Acid reflux occurs as the stomach content flows back into the esophagus.
•Bloating of the abdomen is observed.
•Fever is a sign of gallbladder infection.
•Digestive problems like diarrhea or constipation occur as the food is not properly digested.
•Jaundice, which is characterized by yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes is seen. It happens due to excess amount of bile build up in the gallbladder.
Treatment for Gallbladder Contraction
When you have gallbladder contraction pain, doctors conduct CT scan and ultrasound to identify the cause. They first try to resolve the issue with nonsurgical methods of treatment. The pain of gallbladder contraction cannot be controlled with the help of pain relieving medicines. Rather, application of heat can bring about some relief. If there are signs of gallbladder infection, then it is treated with the help of antibiotics. Doctors also prescribe some oral medicines for treating the gallstones.
However, the most important aspect of treating gallbladder problem is change in diet. All kinds of fatty foods, greasy foods, etc., should be eliminated from the diet completely as these foods need bile juice for digestion. Fiber rich fruits and vegetables are highly recommended in this condition as they supply enzymes that improve the digestion process. Peas, nuts, yogurt, cottage cheese, etc., should also be included in the diet as they improve the digestive health.
Doctors also try to flush out the gallstones by natural means. Olive oil and lemon juice have proved to be highly beneficial in this regard. They should be taken in an empty stomach in the morning for dissolving the gallstones. A number of vegetable juices like beet juice, carrot juice, cucumber juice, etc., help a lot in removal of gallstones and reduce inflammation of the gallbladder. If the gallstones are large in size and the symptoms are so severe that the normal life of the patient is getting affected, then doctors opt for surgical removal of the gallstones. The surgical method is known as cholecystectomy. The patient can lead a normal life after this surgery as the liver now releases the bile juice into the small intestine.
Now, you are aware of the characteristics of gallbladder contraction. Many times, you ignore this as a minor digestive problem. If you experience a right abdominal pain quite often and have digestive issues as well, there is no harm in visiting a doctor for a checkup. Even if you are diagnosed with gallstones, that does not mean that you have to undergo a surgery. With appropriate changes in diet and lifestyle, the problem can be resolved.
By Bidisha Mukherjee
Gallbladder is a small organ, which forms a part of the digestive system. It is shaped like a pear and is located in the upper right side of the abdominal cavity below the liver. It stores the digestive juices and releases it into the intestine for digestion of the fatty food components. Gallbladder contraction is normal after meals when the bile juice is being released for digestion of the food. However, if this contraction is accompanied by pain, then it could be a symptom of presence of gallstones inside the gallbladder. In such cases, duration of gallbladder spasms is longer and it recurs again and again. Gallstones are hard pebble like structures and are formed due to crystallization of bile components like calcium salts and cholesterol. The gallbladder tends to get inflamed because of the gallstones, which may even block normal flow of bile into the intestine.
Symptoms of Gallbladder Contraction
Excessive gallbladder contraction can give rise to a localized abdominal pain that may last for a few minutes to few hours. The intensity of the pain varies from mild to severe and it has a tendency to get aggravated during the night. The pain that originates in the upper right side of the abdomen spreads to other areas like shoulder blades, back and hands. The region near upper right abdomen is often tender to touch because of the contraction. If a gallstone gets lodged into the bile duct, then the pain turns so severe that you cannot even stand straight. Besides, there are a number of other digestive symptoms that can be observed in this condition. Such symptoms show up because the bile juice is not available for digestion of foods. Some common signs and symptoms of gallbladder problems are as follows: •Recurrent vomiting occurs as the body tries to get rid of the excess bile.
•Acid reflux occurs as the stomach content flows back into the esophagus.
•Bloating of the abdomen is observed.
•Fever is a sign of gallbladder infection.
•Digestive problems like diarrhea or constipation occur as the food is not properly digested.
•Jaundice, which is characterized by yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes is seen. It happens due to excess amount of bile build up in the gallbladder.
Treatment for Gallbladder Contraction
When you have gallbladder contraction pain, doctors conduct CT scan and ultrasound to identify the cause. They first try to resolve the issue with nonsurgical methods of treatment. The pain of gallbladder contraction cannot be controlled with the help of pain relieving medicines. Rather, application of heat can bring about some relief. If there are signs of gallbladder infection, then it is treated with the help of antibiotics. Doctors also prescribe some oral medicines for treating the gallstones.
However, the most important aspect of treating gallbladder problem is change in diet. All kinds of fatty foods, greasy foods, etc., should be eliminated from the diet completely as these foods need bile juice for digestion. Fiber rich fruits and vegetables are highly recommended in this condition as they supply enzymes that improve the digestion process. Peas, nuts, yogurt, cottage cheese, etc., should also be included in the diet as they improve the digestive health.
Doctors also try to flush out the gallstones by natural means. Olive oil and lemon juice have proved to be highly beneficial in this regard. They should be taken in an empty stomach in the morning for dissolving the gallstones. A number of vegetable juices like beet juice, carrot juice, cucumber juice, etc., help a lot in removal of gallstones and reduce inflammation of the gallbladder. If the gallstones are large in size and the symptoms are so severe that the normal life of the patient is getting affected, then doctors opt for surgical removal of the gallstones. The surgical method is known as cholecystectomy. The patient can lead a normal life after this surgery as the liver now releases the bile juice into the small intestine.
Now, you are aware of the characteristics of gallbladder contraction. Many times, you ignore this as a minor digestive problem. If you experience a right abdominal pain quite often and have digestive issues as well, there is no harm in visiting a doctor for a checkup. Even if you are diagnosed with gallstones, that does not mean that you have to undergo a surgery. With appropriate changes in diet and lifestyle, the problem can be resolved.
By Bidisha Mukherjee
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